EDUARDO R. QUIROGA, Ph.D.
04-2014

36 Viger Street; Kirkland, PQ, CANADA H9J 2E5; Tel.514-694 9493; E-mail: sylvagro@aol.com Website www.sylvagro.ca
Married, Citizen of Canada.

KEY QUALIFICATIONS:
Thematic capabilities
o Extensive experience in farming systems, extension methods, food security assessment in the context of climate change adaptation.
o Demonstrated expertise in the participatory approach with special reference to gender issues and community development.
o Proven competence in the analysis of infrastructure services for poverty alleviation in varied ecological and cross cultural communities.
o Solid proficiency in the management of renewable and non-renewable resources within the framework of human sustainable development.
o Accomplished in environmental conservation supported by extensive experience in impact assessment analysis.
o Skilled in the appraisal of capacity building and governance needs for sustainable resource management and environmental conservation.
o Strong expertise in institutional analysis for public sector reform and decentralization processes in the contest of good governance and private sector development programmes.
o Accomplished in project management of the total cycle, from identification to implementation procedures, supported by experience in the administration of development loans and procurement procedures.
o Highly proficient in conducting project monitoring and evaluation assessments within the framework of Results-Based-Management encompassing the total range of evaluation types.

Technical capabilities
o Economic and financial analysis of investments related to agriculture and rural infrastructure; irrigation/drainage and flood control; rural water supply; farm investment analysis and management; livestock production and dry-land farming; land tenure systems; appraisal of rural credit; agro-economic and market surveys.
o Regional and national planning schemes; community development planning; integrated watershed management; water resources development planning; aquaculture, marine and inland fisheries.
o Analysis of sustainable livelihoods systems in the context of populations affected by investments in the exploration and exploitation of non-renewable resources by extractive industries.
o Assessment of an institutional framework to foster the agricultural sector’s climate change adaptation including sustainable livelihood systems.
o Agroforestry and social forestry analysis.

INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENT (2002- 2013) Canadian representative (pro bono) to the Joint Public Advisory Committee of the Canada-Chile Commission for Environmental Cooperation. Chair [2008-2010]

PRINCIPAL CLIENTS CEC, CIDA, FAO, GEF, IADB, IFAD, IDRC, IDA, UNMFS, UNCDF, UNDP, UNOPS, UNITAR, UNDESA,

LANGUAGES Spoken and written fluently: English, French, Spanish. Working knowledge: Portuguese, Quechua.

COUNTRIES OF WORK EXPERIENCE
Arab States: Egypt, Iraq, Somalia, Sudan, Tunisia, Yemen
Africa: Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Mauritius, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Sao Tome & Principe, Seychelles, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Asia and Pacific: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Iran, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu.
Latin America and the Caribbean: Argentina, Brasil, Bolivia, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Colombia, Chile, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Venezuela.
Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States: Azerbaijan.

EDUCATION
1996 Ph.D. Mention très honorable. Economics. Department of Economics and Management. Université de Paris VIII à Saint-Denis, France.

WORK EXPERIENCE
1991- present. Under the framework of contractual arrangements between the registered company SYLVAGRO and international organizations, regional development banks, state agencies and private companies, successfully conducted assignments on natural resource governance, biodiversity management, climate change adaptation, environmental economics, agriculture development, poverty reduction, capacity development, and programme evaluation and monitoring. These assignments required proficient design and implementation of qualitative tools for behavioural analysis under field conditions together with project management expertise supported by experience in the administration of development loans and procurement procedures of international organizations.

LIST OF ASSIGNMENTS ACCOMPLISHED BY THEME
Environmental Management and Conservation
UNDP/GEF Projects
 Natural Resource Management Expert. UNDP/GEF Strategic Framework to Finance Investments in Sustainable Land & Forest Management. Equatorial Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP/GEF
 Sustainable Land Management Expert. GEF/UNDP Project for the strengthening of legal and institutional capacities to manage land degradation and deforestation. Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP/GEF.
 Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation Mission. GEF/UNDP Ecosystem integrated management in four representatives regions of Senegal. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Terminal Evaluation Mission. GEF/UNDP project Biodiversity Mauritania-Senegal. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader and Natural Resource Economist. GEF/UNDP Project preparation for the Strengthening of Legal, Institutional and Individual Capacities for the Sustainable Land and Forest Management. Equatorial Guinea and Sao Tome & Principe. Mission financed by UNDP
 Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Final Independent Evaluation. GEF/UNDP Project for the Biodiversity Conservation of the Titicaca Lake Basin (Peru and Bolivia). Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Resource Management Expert. Terminal evaluation mission. GEF/UNDP A highly decentralized approach to biodiversity protection and use: the Bangassou dense forest Project. Central African Republic. Mission financed by the UNOPS.
Other UN Conventions on Environment
 Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Independent final evaluation. Action Plan Skills Building for Least Developed Countries to assist with National Implementation Plan Development under the Stockholm Convention . Chad, Comoros, and Madagascar. Project financed by UNITAR.
 Team Leader and Institutional Development Expert. Evaluation of the Halon Sector Phase-Out Program in the People’s Republic of China. Mission financed by the UNEP Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.
 Team Leader. Review of Africa’s National Ozone Units’ institutional strengthening. Mission financed by the United Nations Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.

Natural Resource Governance
 Team Leader & Natural Resource Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation of the Guiana Shield Facility (GSF) in Guyana, Suriname, Brazil and Colombia. Project financed by the European Union, the Netherlands, UNDP. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Natural Resource Economist. Mid Term Evaluation. UN-Global Compact Initiative with Canadian Nexen Petroleum. Water Resources Management, Community Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Masila region of the Hadhramout Governorate. Yemen. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Institutional Development and Natural Resource Management Expert. Midterm evaluation mission. Environment & Mining Industry Reform Project in Bolivia. Project oriented to enhance the socioeconomic conditions of mining communities in the Altiplano region. Mission financed by CIDA.
 Environmental Impact Assessment and Capacity Building Expert. Program to reinforce support services to enhance the competitiveness of rural markets in Peru. Mission financed by the IADB.
 Team Leader & Institutional Development Expert. Cluster evaluation mission of ProRADAR and GlobeSAR-2 projects for the application of radar images to natural resource management and environmental conservation in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Mission financed by CIDA.
 Team Leader and Environmental Policy Expert. Programme Formulation Mission. Sustainable Environmental Governance. Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Environment Management Expert. Formulation of a management strategy to induce synergy within the framework of the implementation of the Sustainable Environment Management Program in Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Monitoring and Evaluation Expert. Midterm evaluation of the Sustainable Environment Management Program in Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNOPS.
 Principal researcher and coordinator. Lessons from the Formalization of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining in Ecuador. Joint MPRI-CASM Project. Mission financed by the IDRC.
 Team Leader. International bid appraisal for an environmental audit of a mining closure associated with the closing operations of the Kori Kollo mine and its area of influence in the department of Oruro (Empresa Inti Raymi S.A.), Bolivia. Mission financed by National Government’s Ministerio de Desarrollo Sostenible, Bolivia.
 Resource economist. Design of an international mining investment strategy based on local participatory development. Noranda Technological Centre, Pointe Claire, Quebec.

Natural Resource Management & Climate Change
 Environmental Economics Expert. Climate Change Adaptation to Reduce Climate Vulnerability of Communities in Samoa. Mission financed by UNDP Climate Change Expert. Adaptation of the Capacity Assessment Methodology to Climate Change Project. Africa Region (AAP). Mission financed by UNDP
 Team leader & Irrigation Economics Expert. Irrigation, Climate Resilience and Private Sector Awareness Building project. Cambodia. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Project preparation for the Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas in Belize. Project financed by GEF/World Bank
 Team Leader. Joint FAO/UNDP terminal evaluation on the management of natural forest in Burkina Faso. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Mid-term cluster evaluation of three Area Development Projects in the Provinces of Balochistan, AJK and Northern Areas of Pakistan. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation of Northern Areas Development Program. Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader and Agricultural Economist. Mid-term evaluation of the Environmental Natural Resource Management Project in Malawi. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint FAO/SIDA/BADC/SADC terminal evaluation of a regional aquaculture program for local community development in the countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Mission financed by FAO.
 Team Leader. Joint UNCDF/UNDP/FAO/ILO Mid-Term Evaluation of an integrated marine fisheries-rural roads development Program in Sierra Leone. Mission financed by UNCDF.
 Team Leader. Joint FAO/UNDP technical evaluation on aquaculture development in Madagascar. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Institutional Development & Public Sector Reform Expert. Terminal Evaluation of Power System Master Plan (PSMP) project in Honduras. Project intended to transfer power-planning skills to national professionals. Mission financed by CIDA.
 Team Leader. Joint UNDESD/UNDP Mid-Term Evaluation Mission of a master plan for regional development in Senegal. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Natural Resource Management Expert. Terminal evaluation of the Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Mission financed by UNOPS.
 Team Leader. Joint UNDP/DDSMS final evaluation of a national program on economic management, planning and socio-economic reforms in Equatorial Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader & Rural Institutions Expert. Terminal evaluation of Institution Building for Natural Resource Management within the framework of public sector reform and decentralization in Nicaragua. Mission financed by CIDA.

Agriculture & Rural Development
 Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Review. Community Development Project for the Rehabilitation of Salt Affected and Waterlogged Lands – Bio Saline II. Project financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint UNDP/FAO/GOB independent mid-term evaluation of the Integrated Horticulture and Nutrition Project in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
 Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint UNDP/FAO/GOB independent mid-term evaluation the Community Livestock and Dairy Development Project in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
 Team leader. FAO independent terminal assessments of two projects: Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Thana Cereal Technology Transfer and Identification in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
 Team Leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint FAO/UNDP mid-term evaluation on irrigated cereal production intensification and crop diversification in Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Evaluation & Rural Development Expert. Mid-term evaluation of the Canada-Israel Joint Training Program in Agriculture and Rural Development. Provision of training in Israeli centers to nationals from the Americas, Asia and Africa. Mission financed by CIDA.
 Team Leader. Joint UNDP/FAO terminal evaluation of advanced centers on postgraduate agricultural education and research in India. Mission financed by the UNDP.
 Water Institutions Expert. IFAD mid-term evaluation of the Southwestern Small Farmers Rehabilitation and Development Project in the Dominican Republic. Mission financed by IFAD.
 Team Leader. Joint FAO/UNDP terminal evaluation on agricultural management training in Equatorial Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP.

Poverty Reduction
 Team leader & Natural Resource Management Expert. Outcome Evaluation of Employment & Income Opportunities, Especially for Youth and Excluded Groups in Partnership with the Private Sector and Civil Society Organizations. Nepal. Mission financed by UNDP
 Team leader & Agribusiness Expert. Terminal Evaluation of Empowering Marginalized Enterprises through Enterprise Mongolia Project. Mongolia. Project financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Natural Resource Economist. Terminal evaluation of two projects: 1- Support To Local Government Reform; and 2- National Integrated Programme for Social Action, Employment and Youth. Mozambique. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader and Rural Development Expert. Mid Term Review of Poverty Outcome Evaluation and Rural Enterprise Development in the Kingdom of Bhutan. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Monitoring & Evaluation Specialist. Guyana: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). Mission financed by the International Development Association.
 Livelihoods Development and Income Generation Expert. Programme Formulation Mission. Programme Support Document/UNDP Poverty Reduction and Economic Recovery for Somalia’s peace building process. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Development Planning Expert. Regional Planning Assessment for UNDP’s Provincial Initiative on Area-Based Development (ABD). Islamic Republic of Iran. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation of Northern Areas Development Program. Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader and Agricultural Economist. Cluster terminal evaluation of two poverty alleviation projects in the Provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan in the People’s Republic of China. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader. Joint UNDP/UNCDF mid-term evaluation of a regional eco-development program to eradicate poverty in Mauritania. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Independent terminal assessments of two projects geared to reduce poverty: Integrated Pest Management and Thana Cereal Technology Transfer and Identification in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
 Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint UNDP/FAO/GOB independent mid-term evaluation of the Community Livestock and Dairy Development Project in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.

Country Programme Review
 Poverty Reduction Expert. UNDP Outcome Evaluation of Governance, Crisis Prevention and Recovery, and Poverty Reduction Initiatives in Iraq. Project financed by UNDP.
 Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Independent Programme Evaluation. Second Country Cooperation Framework [2002-2006] and the Bridging Programme [2007-2008]. Sudan. Project financed by UNDP.
 Team leader. Independent review of UNDP Afghanistan Country Programme (CP) 2001-2004. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team leader. Independent review of UNDP Fiji’s Country Cooperation Framework (CCF) 1997-2001. The country office covers nine island states. Results achieved during the period were critically reviewed. Strategic areas of focus for next CCF were recommended. Mission financed by UNDESA
 Team leader. Mid-term evaluation of UNDP Mauritania’s CCF (1997-2001). Based on results achieved, the program’s strategic positioning for the next cycle was validated by stakeholders. Mission financed by UNDESA
 Team Leader. Country Review of UNDP Seychelles &Mauritius’ CCF (1997-1999). Strategic guidelines were configured to meet CCF requirements of each country. Revamping country office capabilities in programming cycle was essential to conduct program. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Team Leader. Country Review of UNDP Azerbaijan’s CCF (1997-1999). Based on results achieved from a portfolio of 20 projects, a strategy was framed to enable country office to shift from humanitarian relief operations to sustainable development efforts. Mission financed by UNDP.

Monitoring & Evaluation and Capacity Development
 Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Rehabilitation and reconstruction of neighborhoods and displaced persons in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Project to Support the Implementation of National Socio-Economic Development Plan (2006-2010). Laos PDR. Project financed by UNDP.
 Principal Monitoring and Evaluation Advisor. Committee for the Implementation and Monitoring of the Results Focus Transitional Framework (RFTF) of the Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs in Liberia. Mission financed by UNDP.
 Monitoring & Evaluation Specialist. Guyana: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). Mission financed by the International Development Association.
 Evaluation & Monitoring Expert. Results-Based Monitoring Guide: Principles and Procedures. Contribution to the Joint Public Advisory Committee (JPAC) of the Canada-Chile Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (AEC).
 Monitoring and Evaluation Expert. Preliminary draft of Results-Based Management Evaluation handbook applicable to the operations of NAFTA’s Commission for Environmental Cooperation. Mission financed by CEC.
 Team leader and Agribusiness expert. Project preparation mission for upstream capacity development to enhance China’s agro-processing industry within the context of China’s ascension to the WTO. Mission financed by the Government of China.
 M&E and Project Management Expert. Implementation of the National System of Public Investment in Nicaragua. Mission financed by IADB with collaboration of UNOPS.

LIST OF ASSIGNMENTS ACCOMPLISHED BY REGION

Africa Region
Burkina Faso
o (1998) Team Leader. Joint FAO/UNDP Terminal Evaluation Mission on the management of natural forest. Mission financed by UNDP.
Central African Republic
o (2004) Team leader and Resource Management Expert. Terminal evaluation mission. GEF/UNDP A highly decentralized approach to biodiversity protection and use: the Bangassou dense forest Project. Mission financed by the UNOPS.
Equatorial Guinea
○ (2012) Natural Resource Management Expert. UNDP/GEF Strategic Framework to Finance Investments in Sustainable Land & Forest Management. Mission financed by UNDP
○ (2007) Team Leader and Natural Resource Economist. UNDP/GEF Project preparation for the Strengthening of Legal, Institutional and Individual Capacities for the Sustainable Land and Forest Management. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1997) Team Leader. Joint UNDP/DDSMS Final Evaluation Mission of a national project on economic management, planning and socio-economic reforms. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1993) Team Leader. Joint FAO/UNDP Terminal Evaluation Mission on agricultural management training. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1987-1991) Team Leader. UNDP/OPE supervision team for the implementation of IFAD/ PADREM project in Ebebiyin and Mongomo. Mission financed by IFAD
Guinea-Bissau
o (1981) Agricultural Economist for the AFDB/IFAD Evaluation Mission of the Como-Caiar Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Project. Mission financed by IFAD.
Guinea
o (2010) Sustainable Land Management Expert. GEF/UNDP Project for the strengthening of legal and institutional capacities to manage land degradation and deforestation.. Mission financed by UNDP/GEF.
o (1993) Team Leader. UNSO Project Pre-formulation Mission on environmental conservation and watershed management in the Fouta Djallon region. Mission financed by the UNSO with the collaboration of the OAU.
Ghana
o (1986-1990) Team Leader. UNDP/OPE supervision team for the implementation of IFAD’s Smallholder Consolidation and Development project in the Northern Region, credit development in Kumasi and small irrigation in Bolgatanga’s regions. Mission financed by IFAD
Kenya
o (1987-1990) Team Leader. UNDP/OPE supervision team for the implementation of IFAD’s Farmers Groups Production and Credit Project in the Kisumu region. Mission financed by IFAD
Lesotho
o (1997) Water Resources Planner. SADC- Water Sector Coordination Unit in Maseru. Project financed by UNDP.
Liberia
o (2005) Monitoring and Evaluation Advisor. Committee for the Implementation and Monitoring of the Results Focus Transitional Framework (RFTF) of the Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs. Mission financed by UNDP.
Madagascar
o (1993) Team Leader. Joint FAO/UNDP Technical Evaluation Mission on aquaculture development. Mission financed by UNDP.
Malawi
o (2001) Team leader. Midterm evaluation of the Environmental Natural Resource Management Project. Mission financed by UNDP.
Mauritania
o (2009)Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Terminal Evaluation Mission. GEF/UNDP project Biodiversity Mauritania-Senegal. Mission financed by UNDP
o (2001) Team leader. Midterm evaluation of UNDP/Mauritania CCF (1997-2001). Mission financed by UNDESA.
o (1997) Team Leader. Joint UNDP/UNCDF Mid-Term Evaluation Mission. Assaba regional eco-development program to eradicate poverty. Mission financed by UNDP.
Mozambique
 (2006) Team leader and Natural Resource Economist. Terminal evaluation of two projects: 1- Support to Local Government Reform ; and 2- National Integrated Programme for Social Action, Employment and Youth. Mission financed by UNDP.
Niger
o (1997) Environmental planning expert. National Committee for the Environment and Sustainable Development. Mission financed by UNOPS
o (1988-1990) Team Leader. UNDP/OPE supervision team for the implementation of IFAD’s National Programme to combat desertification in Diffa, Tillabery, Badeguicheri and livestock rehabilitation of Tuareg nomads. Mission financed by IFAD
Sao Tome et Prince
○ (2007) Team Leader and Natural Resource Economist. UNDP/GEF Project preparation for the Strengthening of Legal, Institutional and Individual Capacities for the Sustainable Land and Forest Management. Mission financed by UNDP.
Seychelles and Mauritius
o (1999) Team Leader. Country Review of UNDP Seychelles and Mauritius’ CCF (1997-1999). Mission financed by UNDP.
Sierra Leone
o (1994) Team Leader. Joint UNCDF/UNDP/FAO/ILO Mid-Term Evaluation of an integrated marine fisheries-rural roads development Program. Mission financed by UNCDF.
Senegal
o (2009)Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation Mission. GEF/UNDP Ecosystem integrated management in four representatives regions of Senegal. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (2009)Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Terminal Evaluation Mission. GEF/UNDP project Biodiversity Mauritania-Senegal. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1993) Team Leader. Joint UNDESD/UNDP Mid-Term Evaluation Mission of a master plan for regional development. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1985-86) Chairman, Department of Economics and Rural Sociology. The Institut National de Développement Rural, Thiés. Project financed by the World Bank.
Togo
o (1992) Team Leader. Joint UNDP/UNESCO Terminal Evaluation Mission. National project for agricultural training and extension. Mission financed by UNDP.
Chad, Comoros, Madagascar
o (2008) Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Independent final evaluation. Action Plan Skills Building for Least Developed Countries to assist with National Implementation Plan Development under the Stockholm Convention. Project financed by UNITAR
Egypt, Tunisia, Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Mauritius
o (1999) Team Leader. Cluster evaluation of ozone depleting substances under the Montreal Protocol in Africa. Mission financed by UNEP’s Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.
Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Zambia, Lesotho
o (1995) Team Leader. Joint FAO/SIDA/BADC/SADC Terminal Evaluation Mission of a regional aquaculture Program for local community development in the countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Mission financed by FAO.
Madagascar, Ethiopia, Comoros
o (2011) Natural Resource Management Expert. UNEP Sub Programmes on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Strategies. Desk Review of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) under the Disaster &Crisis Sub programme. The review focused on comparing enabling and disabling factors associated with DRR’s current approach, as well as strategy or modalities across geographical scope and objectives. Project financed by UNEP.
Africa Region [20 countries]
o (2011) Climate Change Expert. Adaptation of the Capacity Assessment Methodology to Climate Change Project. Africa Region. Mission financed by UNDP.

Arab States
Egypt , Tunisia
o (1999) Team Leader. Regional cluster evaluation of ozone depleting substances under the Montreal Protocol in Africa. [Egypt, Tunisia, Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Mauritius] Mission financed by UNEP’s Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.
Iraq
o (2008) Poverty Reduction Expert. UNDP Outcome Evaluation of Governance, Crisis Prevention and Recovery, and Poverty Reduction Initiatives in Iraq. Project financed by UNDP.
Somalia
o (2005) Livelihoods Development and Income Generation Expert. Programme Formulation Mission. Programme Support Document/UNDP Poverty Reduction and Economic Recovery for the peace building process. Mission financed by UNDP.
Sudan
o (2008) Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Independent Programme Evaluation. Second Country Cooperation Framework [2002-2006] and the Bridging Programme [2007-2008]. Sudan. Project financed by UNDP.
o (1980) Farm management expert.. Feasibility study to rehabilitate the Agadi State Farm. Technical-economic appraisal of a large scale mechanization scheme to produce grains under rain fed conditions. Project financed by the Arab Authority for Agricultural Development .
Yemen
o (2006) Team Leader and Natural Resource Economist. Mid Term Evaluation. UN-Global Compact Initiative in Water Resources Management, Community Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Masila region of the Hadhramout Governorate. Mission financed by UNDP.

Asia-Pacific Region
Afghanistan
o (2004) Team leader. Independent review of UNDP Afghanistan Country Programme (CP) 2001-2004. Mission financed by UNDP.
Bangladesh
o (2006) Team Leader and Environmental Policy Expert. Programme Formulation Mission. Sustainable Environmental Governance. Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (2003) Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint UNDP/FAO/GOB independent mid-term evaluation of the Integrated Horticulture and Nutrition Project in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
o (2002) Environment Management Expert. Formulation of a management strategy to induce synergy within the framework of the implementation of the Sustainable Environment Management Program. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (2002) Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Independent terminal assessments of two projects geared to reduce poverty: Integrated Pest Management and Thana Cereal Technology Transfer and Identification in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
o (2002) Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint UNDP/FAO/GOB independent mid-term evaluation of the Community Livestock and Dairy Development Project in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
o (2001) Monitoring and Evaluation Expert. Midterm evaluation of the Sustainable Environment Management Program in Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNOPS.
o (1998) Team Leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint FAO/UNDP mid-term evaluation on irrigated cereal production intensification and crop diversification in Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNDP.
Bhutan
o (2005) Team Leader and Rural Development Expert. Mid Term Review of Poverty Outcome Evaluation and Rural Enterprise Development in the Kingdom of Bhutan. Mission financed by UNDP.
China
o (2003) Team Leader and Institutional Development Expert. Evaluation of the Halon Sector Phase-Out Program in the People’s Republic of China. Mission financed by the UNEP Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.
o (2002) Team leader. Project preparation mission for upstream capacity development to enhance China’s agro-processing industry within the context of the WTO requirements. Mission financed by Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation.
o (1998) Team Leader and Agricultural Economist. Cluster terminal evaluation of two poverty alleviation projects in the Provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan in the People’s Republic of China. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1998) Team leader and regional development expert. Joint Terminal Evaluation Mission on Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC) promotion and capacity building with respect to (1) business development capabilities among national R&D and (2) institutional modification to facilitate the process of regional economic integration in two subregions (the Greater Indo-China and the Silk Road) through the expansion of trade and investment. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1980) Project coordinator. Northern Pasture and Livestock Development Project. Inner Mongolia. Financed by IFAD
Cambodia
o (2010) Team leader & Irrigation Economics Expert. Irrigation, Climate Resilience and Private Sector Awareness Building project. Cambodia. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (2000) Institutional development and investment analysis expert. Program formulation mission to Strengthen National Capacity for Development Cooperation Partnerships in Cambodia. Mission financed by UNOPS.
Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu
o (2001) Team leader. Independent review of UNDP Fiji’s Country Cooperation Framework (CCF) 1997-2001. The country office covers nine island states. Results achieved during the period were critically reviewed. Strategic areas of focus for next CCF were recommended. Field work conducted in above mentioned three island states. Mission financed by UNDESA
India
o (1994) Team Leader. Joint UNDP/FAO terminal evaluation of advanced centers on postgraduate agricultural education and research in India. The mission intended to establish the role of higher education and research to meet the nation’s food production needs. Mission financed by the UNDP.
Indonesia
o (1979) Agricultural economist. Within the framework of a water resources development study of the Timor Island, conducted the agro-economic analysis in a pre-feasibility study of the irrigation potential in the island; and carried out on-the-job training of national counterpart personnel with particular reference to project identification procedures. Mission financed by CIDA.
Iran
o (2003) Team leader and development planning expert. Regional Planning Assessment for UNDP’s Provincial Initiative on Area-Based Development (ABD). It was anticipated the implementation of pilot projects within local communities of four Provinces (Kerman, Kermanshah, Fars, Kohgiloyeh& Boirahmad) as models for eventual replications. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (2002) Team leader and regional planning expert. Identification mission for the development planning of the Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Iran. Mission financed by UNOPS.
Laos PDR
o (2008) Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Project to Support the Implementation of National Socio-Economic Development Plan (2006-2010) through fostering a customized M&E system from the bottom up. Project financed by UNDP.
Mongolia
o (2008) Team leader & Agribusiness Expert. Terminal Evaluation of Enterprise Mongolia Project. Mongolia. Project financed by UNDP.
Nepal
o (2010) Team leader & Natural Resource Management Expert. Outcome Evaluation of Employment & Income Opportunities, Especially for Youth, and Excluded Groups in Partnership with the Private Sector and CSOs. Nepal. Mission financed by UNDP
Pakistan
o (2009) Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Review. Community Development Project for the Rehabilitation of Salt Affected and Waterlogged Lands – Bio Saline II. Project financed by UNDP.
o (2003) Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation of Northern Areas Development Program. Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (2000) Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Mid-term cluster evaluation of three Area Development Projects in the Provinces of Balochistan, AJK and Northern Areas. Mission financed by UNDP.
Samoa
o (2014) Environmental Economist. Climate Change Adaptation to Reduce Climate Vulnerability of Communities. Mission financed by UNDP

Latin America & Caribbean Region
Belize
o (2013) Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Project identification for the Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas. Project financed by GEF/World Bank
Bolivia
o (2005) Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Final Independent Evaluation. GEF/UNDP Project for the Biodiversity conservation of the Titicaca Lake Basin. Mission financed by UNDP.
o (1999) Institutional Development and Natural Resource Management Expert. Midterm evaluation mission. Environment & Mining Industry Reform Project. Mission financed by CIDA.
o (1970-1971) Power Economist. Empresa Nacional de Electricidad, S.A.
Cuba
o (1981-1990) Team Leader. UNDP/OPE Construction supervision of the Camalote Irrigation District and supporting rural infrastructure. Camaguey. Project financed by IFAD.
o (1980) Financial Analyst. IFAD Appraisal Mission. Camalote Rural Development Project. Mission financed by IFAD
Ecuador
o (2004) Principal researcher and coordinator. Lessons from the Formalization of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining. Joint MPRI-CASM Project. Mission financed by the IDRC.
o (1994) Environmental Impact Assessment Expert. Structural adjustment of the agricultural public sector. Program financed by the IADB.
Dominican Republic
o (1995) Water management expert. IFAD Mid-Term Evaluation Mission of the Southwestern Small Farmers Rehabilitation and Development Project. Mission financed by the IFAD.
o (1988-1990) Irrigation Organization Expert. Small holder irrigation rehabilitation and irrigator’s organization leading to effective water management for food crop expansion including oenological development. Financed by OPS/IFAD.
o (1984-1985) Senior Agricultural Economist. Economic feasibility analysis. Sabana Yegua Irrigation Project. The SNC Group-SNC Inc., Montreal, Canada.
El Salvador
o (1976-1977) Agricultural Economist. Institutional review of the Zapotian Irrigation District. Ministerio de la Agricultura, Dirección General de Riego y Drenaje.
Guyana
o (2013) Team Leader & Natural Resource Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation of the Guiana Shield Facility (GSF) in Guyana, Suriname, Brazil and Colombia. Project financed by the European Union, the Netherlands, UNDP. Mission financed by UNDP
o (2007) Monitoring & M&E Expert. Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). Mission financed by the International Development Association
Haiti
o (2012) M&E Expert. Rehabilitation and reconstruction of neighborhoods and displaced persons in Port-au-Prince. Mission financed by UNDP
o (2011) Natural Resource Management Expert. UNEP Sub Programmes on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Strategies: Case Study on Haiti Regeneration Initiative (HRI) with special reference to the regional effort of the Cote Sud Initiative. Mission financed by UNEP
o (1996) Investment Programming and Regional Development Expert. Triennial Public Investment Program in Haiti. Mission financed by the IADB.
Honduras
o (1999) Institutional Development and Public Sector Reform Expert. Final Evaluation of Power System Master Plan (PSMP) project. in Honduras. Project financed by CIDA.
o (1983-1984) Senior Agricultural Economist. Economic feasibility analysis of irrigation development. Guyape regional development project. Lavalin-Shawinigan Consultants Inc., Montreal, Canada.
Jamaica
○ (2011) Natural Resource Management Expert. UNEP Sub Programmes on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Strategies: Case study on Risk and Vulnerability Assessment Methodology Development Project (RiVAMP). It encompassed a comprehensive methodology for enhancement ecosystem management through local institutions for disaster risk reduction. Mission financed by UNEP
Nicaragua
o (1999) Team Leader. Terminal evaluation mission on Institution Building for Natural Resource Management in Nicaragua. Mission financed by CIDA.
o (1997) Decentralization and Institutional Development for Environmental Management Expert. National Institutional Strengthening Program of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources in Nicaragua. Mission financed by DANIDA.
o (1996) Monitoring and Evaluation and Project Management Expert. Implementation of the National System of Public Investment in Nicaragua. Mission financed by IADB with collaboration of UNOPS.
o (1980) Team Leader. Identification mission. Phase I of the National Programme to Foster Agricultural Development through Cooperatives. Mission financed by IFAD
Peru
o (2005) Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Final Independent Evaluation. GEF/UNDP Project for the Biodiversity conservation of the Titicaca Lake Basin (Peru and Bolivia). Mission financed by UNDP.
o (2003) Environmental Impact Assessment and Capacity Building Expert. Strengthening and Support Services to Enhance Rural Competitiveness Project in Peru. Mission financed by the IADB.
Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, Venezuela.
o (2000) Team Leader & Capacity Development Expert. Cluster evaluation mission of ProRADAR and GlobeSAR-2 projects for the application of radar images to natural resource management and environmental conservation in Mission financed by CIDA.
Brazil, Chile, Venezuela, Costa Rica
o (1998) Natural Resource Management Expert. Terminal evaluation mission of the Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC). Mission financed by UNOPS.
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, Peru.
o (1974-1976) Economic Consultant. Strategy for irrigation investment based on case studies from the region. Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C.
México, Canada, USA
o (2000) Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Preliminary version of an evaluation handbook based on results based management applicable to the operations of the Environmental Commission of the North American Free Trade Agreement. Mission financed by the CCA
Canada, Chile
o (2009) Evaluation & Monitoring Expert. Results-Based Monitoring Guide: Principles and Procedures. Contribution to the Joint Public Advisory Committee (JPAC) of the Canada-Chile Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (AEC).

NARRATIVE OF ASSIGNMENTS ACCOMPLISHED BY CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER

(2014) Post. Environmental Economics Expert. Climate Change Adaptation to Reduce Climate Vulnerability of Communities in Samoa. Mission financed by UNDP
Functions. In the context of global warming associated with Samoa and the South Pacific region, a diagnosis of the agriculture sector and associated livelihood activities was conducted to identify the potential barriers to climate change adaptation. Although long-term problem were reviewed, the potential options advocated centered on knowledge transfer of climate smart agriculture and livelihoods to small landholding farmers, including youth and female members of household farms. In this vein, based on preliminary agro-economic coefficients, a “resilient farm model” was proposed as a risk- hedge mechanism to ensure the economic survival of the family unit and the sustainable use of natural resources.

(2013) Post. Team Leader & Natural Resource Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation of the Guiana Shield Facility (GSF) in Guyana, Suriname, Brazil and Colombia. Project financed by the European Union, the Netherlands, UNDP. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. The Guiana Shield extends over the north-eastern third of South America, stores about 50 billion tones of carbon, and contains 10-15% of the planet’s fresh water reserves. The GSF’s purpose is to promote the conservation and human sustainable development of the eco-region. The findings reported achievements within an outcome assessment—underlining implementation challenges that may preclude its impact. The actionable agenda proposed intends primarily to ensure biodiversity conservation through capacity building, and the consolidation of indigenous land and human rights in order to foment a governance framework between indigenous societies, the communities surrounding indigenous territories, and the state such that natural resource exploitation can benefit everyone.

Post. Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Project identification for the Management and Protection of Key Biodiversity Areas in Belize. Project financed by GEF/World Bank.
Functions. Based on the principle of using site conservation to foster livelihood opportunities, the project design intended to strengthen natural resource management and biodiversity conservation through the mitigation of threats to Key Biodiversity Areas. To this end, the following components were considered: 1- supporting forest protection and sustainable forest management, 2- promoting effective management, institutional strengthening and capacity building for enhanced enforcement of environmental regulations, 3- and project management supported by monitoring and assessment. Based on a reconnaissance study of the key biodiversity areas, a strategic framework was delineated reflecting: 1- a conflict sensitive conservation to foment peace-building opportunities in those international border areas under pervasive conflict conditions; and 2- a multiagency prevention plan supported by conflict sensitive conservation was outlined for those areas with emerging threats from regional drug trafficking.

(2012) Post. Natural Resource Management Expert. UNDP/GEF Strategic Framework to Finance Investments in Sustainable Land & Forest Management in Equatorial Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Under the leadership of the national environmental authorities an integrated financial strategy was prepared for sustainable land management with the overarching purpose of reducing the woeful income disparity between the petroleum and non-petroleum [rural] sectors. The key recommendation was a model configured within the framework of the UN Global Compact with the direct participation of oil companies, the state, and UNDP to implement a pilot project, based on labour intensive and traditional land tenure elements, to enhance agricultural and agro-forestry efforts oriented towards food security and pro poor development. The linchpin of this development is the capacity building of small holder farms for labor intensive production of food crops to satisfy local and regional demands. Two validation workshops were conducted with key government, NGO and civil service stakeholders from the continental and island regions.

Post. Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Rehabilitation and reconstruction of neighborhoods and displaced persons in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. A programme intended to rehabilitate 16 neighborhoods by providing residents, as well as displaced persons from six camps, with sustainable housing solutions and improved living conditions through better access to basic services and income generating activities. While implementing strategy to measure results, a holistic Theory of Change was designed. This theory underscored the flow of services provided by the physical infrastructure [housing reconstruction and investment in basic infrastructure]. These services, though necessary, are insufficient to induce sustainable local economic growth essential to urban revitalization. Additional systematic efforts sequenced through seven drivers were proposed to contribute to urban revitalization characterized by socio-economic and environmental sustainability in the neighborhood-sites.

Post (2011). Natural Resource Management Expert. Case Studies on UNEP Sub Programmes on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Strategies. Mission financed by UNEP
[1] Haiti Regeneration Initiative (HRI) intended to address the country’s long-term challenges: post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction; socioeconomic development; environmental stabilization and restoration; building of resilience against future hurricanes, floods and earthquakes. The Cote Sud Initiative (CSI) under implementation in the South Department has begun conducting efforts centered on natural resource management, economic development and infrastructure, social services, and governance. An actionable agenda for the joint planning and implementation of the initiative was proposed: 1- Establish a sylvo-agro-economic baseline to study changes in family revenue from small holder farms—including a capacity development baseline to track performance. 3- Consider rural electrification by joining energy services with micro enterprises geared towards generating cash income to enhance livelihoods.
[2] Jamaica. Risk and Vulnerability Assessment Methodology Development Project (RiVAMP). This project encompassed a comprehensive methodology for enhancement ecosystem management through local institutions for disaster risk reduction. It is applicable to Small Island Developing States (SIDS) with their limited territories and often heavily populated coastal areas experiencing ecosystems decline and natural hazard-induced disasters. The methodology is flexible and it can incorporate the value preferences of the communities, sub-national and national authorities. Therefore, it was encouraged to estimate the cost of the investments implicit in the implementation of the RiVAMP methodology, together with estimating the value of tourism revenues.
[3] Desk Review of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) under the Disaster &Crisis Sub programme. It focused on comparing enabling and disabling factors associated with DRR’s current approach, as well as strategy or modalities across geographical scope and objectives. The evidence insinuated an arising dilemma in connection with normative work. The outputs produced are appropriate as they have been scientifically validated through scientific meetings. However, without mainstreaming these outputs among the final beneficiaries, it is not possible to ascertain if there has been any buy-in after intervention.

Post: Climate Change Expert. Adaptation of the Capacity Assessment Methodology to Climate Change Project. Africa Region. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions: In the context of the Africa Adaptation Programme [AAP] prepared two outputs: [1] conducted a literature review on the implementation of current practices concerning capacity development for climate change in Africa, and [2] designed a Methodological Guide for Capacity Development Response for Climate Change Adaptation to facilitate country offices the assessment of capacity assets/needs for climate change adaptation and formulate, in consequence, capacity development strategies that can be implemented under the AAP. The Guide dealt with the ex-ante situation about climate change adaptation and capacity assessment in Africa. Therefore, the anticipated implementation of four pilot exercises was to provide the evidence to ascertain the procedures to gather the information on capacity development and capacity assessment results.
Post (2010- 2012) Capacity Development Expert. Canadian Foreign Service Institute. Centre for Intercultural Learning. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade.
Functions. In the context of thinking globally and acting interculturally, spread out training sessions centred on the host country (Bolivia) and focused on the cultural and professional interrelations of development agents, in an effort to facilitate the behaviour and approach of Canadian agents to lead effective connections and expected outcomes. The salient themes and groups have included.
• In the context of the International Aboriginal Youth Internship Initiative, awareness raising sessions were conducted about the historically-driven differences between Bolivian and Canadian aboriginal issues so as to enable the Canadian aborigine to contribute to development issues linked to gender equality, small business development, health, education and agriculture.
• Training focused on procedures, issues and problems associated with the implementation of micro finance operations and decentralization has been provided to mainstream Canadian development actors operating in Bolivia, i.e. NGOs, CIDA participants, voluntary members from Canadian universities’ and professional associations.

Post. Team leader & Natural Resource Management Expert. Outcome Evaluation of Employment & Income Opportunities, Especially for Youth and Excluded Groups in Partnership with the Private Sector and Civil Society Organizations. Nepal. Mission financed by UNDP
Functions. Since the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord, significant political changes have taken place, but poverty has persisted and the “peace dividends” have not been realized. The outcome evaluation showed programme results achieved. As consequence of the sound application of sustainable livelihoods approach, the levels of income and employment improved for most beneficiaries, notably for women members of rural families. Based on the outcome results, a growth pattern for poverty alleviation through employment generation with special reference to equality and inclusion was recommended. The key ingredient was to induce a technological shift from subsistence to sustainable agriculture. To foment this transformation, the technical and institutional modifications needed to enhance land and labour productivity were recommended.

Post. Team leader & Irrigation Economics Expert. Irrigation, Climate Resilience and Private Sector Awareness Building project. Cambodia. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions: Based on the field review of two small irrigation schemes ( the Stung Chinit and Sdao Koang irrigation perimeters) operated by small-holders under different arrangements and other desk case studies, the exercise intended to investigate the business responses to the opportunities arising from climate change adaptation and mitigation in the irrigated agriculture subsector—with special reference to the financial sector so they consider introducing climate change financial instruments for adaptation strategies in the irrigated agriculture subsector. Policy recommendations sought to facilitate UNDP’s engagement with small-holding farmers to foment capacity skills for climate change adaptation decisions, and advocated the transformation of small-holders into farmers-entrepreneurs through the delivery of training and production inputs by the relevant stakeholders.

Post. Sustainable Land Management Expert. GEF/UNDP Project for the strengthening of legal and institutional capacities to manage land degradation and deforestation. Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP/GEF.
Functions: In coordination with national and project authorities, responsible for the planning and execution of a national workshop training for sustainable land management. The training centered on mastering techniques and procedures for the preparation of GEF/UNDP funded projects in sustainable land management. There were participants from national ministries responsible for the economic management of natural resource, (i.e. mining exploration and development); and private international mining investment as well as national NGOs.

(2009) Post Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation Mission. GEF/UNDP Ecosystem integrated management in four representatives regions of Senegal. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. The Project aimed to demonstrate the model of Integrated Conservation for Development to promote the use of sustainable use of natural resources as a tool for poverty alleviation in isolated Village Areas adjacent to Protected Areas. This innovative approach anticipated the implementation of Community Natural Reserves / Pastoral Units in the periphery of PA with grass roots’ participation and the synergetic participation of all institutional partners in the framework of sustainable integrated management of the ecosystems under consideration. At mid term, the Project has achieved the control of bushfires, leading to the growth of ligneous and herbaceous biomass. This has enhanced the potential of carbon sequestration and the protection to endemic species. As result, income sources among the grass roots have been diversified associated with awareness about the market potential of carbon sequestration in the sites. One essential prerequisite for ecosystem management by local population has been the strengthening of tenure rights. The model proposed has potential to improve the incomes of local populations through the community organization with the implementation of legal modifications in such a way that marginalized and poor families can begin to get out of the poverty trap.

Post. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Terminal Evaluation Mission. GEF/UNDP project Biodiversity Mauritania-Senegal. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. The Project aimed to develop and implement participatory and replicable systems of natural resource management in 16 sites representative of the four ecosystems common to both countries. It sought to expand the rehabilitation techniques of terrestrial ecosystems, in particular those likely to: [1] generate income through the sound exploitation of natural resources, [2] and intensify average quantity of sequestered carbon per ha. One vital result was to entrust site management to community organizations, with formally recognized usufruct rights, which enabled these organizations to conduct area development actions. This has empowered beneficiaries not only because they have acquired management rights, but also because potential economic gains are now possible. The pillar supporting this system of sustainable resource management is the local populations’ engagement in negotiations on how to access resources and achieve compromises that are acceptable to all users. The Project has, thus, established the foundations for the sustainability of its results by focusing its actions on enhancing the autonomy of the organizations that hold management rights in the intervention sites; enabling their capacity in the preparation of plans and local management rules; and a progressive reduction of the Project’s financial support.

Post. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Review. Community Development Project for the Rehabilitation of Salt Affected and Waterlogged Lands – Bio Saline II. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. A community-based project composed of farmer-groups’ associations in an area of about 176,000 ha, that intended to increase farm incomes by rehabilitating saline lands. This rehabilitation, in turn, was expected to lead to enhanced land productivity and agricultural production in the districts of Hafizabad, Jhang and Sargodha of Punjab, thereby reducing poverty in these areas. Field evidence indicated that the achievement of targets was hampered by administrative issues. The evidence also revealed, however, that the project generated vital outputs with the potential for outcome realization. Although below target levels, lands were reclaimed through knowledge-based technology. Barren lands started to yield rice and wheat crops and the net income of participating farmers had begun to improve, as measured by farm budgets. The vicious circle of poverty, caused by poor land and limited resources, was broken. This technology evinces the potential to become a pro poor technology that can lead farmers out of the poverty trap. Although mobilization had empowered grass roots organizations for farmers and women from farming households, sustainability issues remained. In the long-run, the quantity of irrigation water at the farm gate for the three districts may be limited. This is further aggravated by a world-wide price increase for fertilizers, pesticides, and petrol. Recommendations therefore focused on enhancing water management at the district and farm levels, commencing the shift towards cropping patterns of high market value and low water consumption, and continuing to introduce biological knowledge-based technologies, such as integrated plant nutrient management practices and integrated pest management.

Post. Poverty Reduction Expert. UNDP Outcome Evaluation of Governance, Crisis Prevention and Recovery, and Poverty Reduction Initiatives in Iraq. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. The Outcome Evaluation conducted reviewed selected projects from the Governance, Recovery & Crisis Prevention, and Poverty Reduction programmes. It covered the time span between the installation of the UNDP Iraq office in Amman and the present [2004 to 2008]. These projects were delivered at a time when the Multi-National Force (MNF) had recently changed the regime, which was hastily followed by a reformation of the state and the liberalization of the economy, leading to a dramatic increase in sectarian violence. Subsequently, large investments were outlaid by the MNF to rebuild infrastructure, speed up the drafting of a constitution, and move forward with elections that would quickly put a democratic polity and a liberal economy into place. UNDP adapted its involvement in Iraq to cater to these circumstances. Evidence indicates that the governance programme area was the least effective with regards to the central issues of governance. The crisis prevention & recovery programme increased the availability of electricity and clean water, along with better health facilities. The poverty reduction programme implemented a succession of three community employment and infrastructure projects which gave rise to a community and district level planning initiative. All three of these projects,for the most part, met their objectives. Overall, under these adverse conditions, UNDP’s performance was considered to be more than satisfactory.

(2008) Post. Team leader & Natural Resources Management Expert. Independent Programme Evaluation. Second Country Cooperation Framework [2002-2006] and the Bridging Programme [2007-2008]. Sudan. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. This Evaluation examined UNDP’s contributions to national development results and offered a strategic analysis for the enhancement of the performance and positioning of UNDP’s support for national development priorities, together with UNDP’s corporate policy. It covered the period of time from the CCF-2 Programme [2002-2006], which was superseded by the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and the Eastern Sudan and Darfur Peace Agreements, up to the Bridging Programme [2007-2008]. The Programme was composed of ten outcomes, of which only the Rule of Law component underwent outcome evaluation as it was the principal programme. The task for the remaining 9 outcomes was to assess project outputs for their higher level effects. On the basis of the lessons learned, the recommendations addressed: (1) complementary proposals to mediate financing for the infrastructure of economic development pertaining to the [2009-2012] programme, and (2) the strategic alliances needed to meet emerging long term concerns related to the duality of the buoyant oil-based sub sector, which is disarticulated from the agrarian-based economy characterized by dwindling natural resources. As much as 83 % of the total population depends on subsistence farming for their livelihood. Sudan faces the critical challenge of economic diversification, which must be carried out before oil resource depletion occurs. Otherwise, a critical opportunity to reduce poverty will have been missed.

Position. Team leader & Agribusiness Expert. Terminal Evaluation of Empowering Marginalized Enterprises through Enterprise Mongolia Project. Mongolia. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. The project focused on fostering entrepreneurial capacity among the poor/marginalized and small/micro producers to improve their livelihood opportunities. A three pillar strategy was implemented to advance product development process’ key services with considerable potential to reduce poverty levels in the Project area. Product development involved crop & agro-processing outputs (millet, potatoes, vegetables, sea buckthorn; dairy production; honeybees; and fish smoking) and cottage industries outputs (carpentry, felt, yak wool, hand made carpets, rock salt, handicrafts, bakery and community based tourism). Although the institutional and technological constraints were underestimated, there was momentous motivation among beneficiaries to take ownership of project services so they could take advantage of the market economy. Recommendations included extending the project for an additional 4 years to realize its potential to reduce poverty within the framework of MDG Goal 1 through the empowerment of beneficiaries. To this end: 1- the promotion and development of export markets was vital in reinforcing and securing ongoing initiatives; 2- consolidating organic agriculture/agro processing outputs supported by eco-labeling and sustained by competitive and timely financing should sustain the initial spurt in income growth across all direct beneficiaries so that the Project can fully contribute to the alleviation of poverty.

Position. Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Project to Support the Implementation of National Socio-Economic Development Plan (2006-2010). Laos PDR. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. To assist the Ministry of Planning and Investment in the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of the National Socio Economic Development Plan (NSEDP), the strengths and weaknesses of the existing M&E system were ascertained. From the results of a rapid survey, combined with the institutional review of four line ministries, the prevailing NSEDP’s monitoring system was mapped out under the framework of: 1- the institutional context and design; 2- the ability of the current monitoring system to supply information; and 3- the demand for and use of monitoring system information. A proposal to improve the M&E system for the NSEDP and formulated with the support of stakeholders' embraced: clarifying roles and responsibilities; utilizing a participatory design of the monitoring system for the NSEDP; elaborating the coordination structure; organizing data gathering and civil registration at the village level; and creating formal links between monitoring outputs and potential entry points of the NSEDP.

Position. Monitoring & Evaluation Expert. Independent final evaluation. Action Plan Skills Building for Least Developed Countries to assist with National Implementation Plan Development under the Stockholm Convention . Chad, Comoros, and Madagascar. Project financed by UNITAR.
Functions. The Project intended to provide national-level training and technical support to countries that have signed and/or are Parties to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and have prepared and submitted GEF Enabling Activity proposals to develop/strengthen skills to undertake project planning, including Action Plan development. The field visits of the above-mentioned countries indicated that most respondents considered the UNITAR training materials as adequate. The agencies visited evinced learning as they are currently applying learned skills in the workplace despite considerable constraints in governance. One key result was that these countries now realize that training to upgrade skills in chemical knowledge is crucial; and it needs to be institutionalized. However, this is precluded by the digital divide of less developed countries and the lack of core skills, knowledge and capacity.

(2007) Post. Evaluation & Monitoring Expert. Results-Based Monitoring Guide: Principles and Procedures. Personal contribution to the Joint Public Advisory Committee (JPAC) of the Canada-Chile Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (AEC).
Functions. This guide provides a road map of how to track down project performance within the framework of an environment agency [AEC]. It focuses on government projects which contribute to the public sector's capacity building so they can deliver services to meet the needs of citizens through AEC Programmes. To facilitate corrective action stemming from unanticipated effects derived from external factors, an evolutionary logframe was designed as a monitoring tool.

Position. Team Leader and Natural Resource Economist. UNDP/GEF Project preparation for the Strengthening of Legal, Institutional and Individual Capacities for the Sustainable Land and Forest Management. Equatorial Guinea and Sao Tome & Principe. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. With the participation of national teams, led the preparation of two medium-size projects intended to mitigate the pervasive land degradation and deforestation. To this end, institutional, individual and legal capacities were reinforced together with mainstreaming of sustainable land and forest management (SLFM). In turn, these actions would enhance the functioning and services of ecosystems. The following components were designed to foster SLFM: 1- development of institutional capacity; 2- configuration of an information system based on the ecosystem approach; 3- mainstreaming SLFM in the current development process; and 4- initiating the implementation of a medium-term national investment development plan for SLM. It was anticipated that rural communities, through pilot training focused on environmental governance, would actively participate in the SLFM process. National teams received on-the-job training in the use of logframes and participatory processes so they could effectively contribute to the design.

Position. Monitoring & Evaluation Specialist. Guyana: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). Mission financed by the International Development Association.
Functions. Based on a rapid assessment of key stakeholders' capabilities and the prevailing monitoring system, drafted a results-based monitoring handbook oriented to enhancing skills of PRSP participants. The handbook was designed as an open source document to ensure sustainability. Lectures were delivered using the problem-solving approach in the context of issues arising from ongoing projects. There was particular emphasis on demonstrating participatory techniques to assess progress in output/outcome generation. To assess progress in poverty alleviation in remote communities, qualitative techniques were pre-tested, such as the Most Significant Change.

Position. Water Management Expert. Water as a human right and water privatization in developing countries. Service contract for a Member of Parliament of the House of Commons, Canada.
Functions. The report was a sourcebook for a future strategic agenda. It dealt with: 1- water as a human rights issue, 2- poverty issues in the context of the Millennium Development Goals, and 3- conflict, cooperation and the importance of water and institutions. Strategic issues on water development likely to remain for the balance of the XXI century were highlighted.

(2006) Position. Team leader and Local Government. Terminal evaluation of two poverty alleviation projects: 1- Support to Local Government Reform and 2- National Integrated Programme for Social Action, Employment and Youth. Mozambique. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Support to Local Government Reform (LGR). Within the framework of the decentralization process, the LGR review assessed the UNDP strategic positioning in response to the development context of decentralization. All evidence indicated that the LGR had initiated groundbreaking transformations fostering local accountability and ensuring that resources and services to the poor are being delivered in accordance with local poverty reduction goals. Recommendations comprised to begin institutionalizing environmental governance using decentralized legislation at the district level, to avoid ecosystem degradation. This should empower district managers and communities to become law-based stewards of their ecosystems, which in turn should become a source of sustainable livelihoods through schemes of ecotourism and/or wild life management.
National Integrated Programme for Social Action, Employment and Youth (PNI). It targeted disadvantaged segments from remote communities to boost opportunities for sustainable livelihoods through investment in basic infrastructure and capacity building. PNI had been able to mobilize remote communities through 92 associations which incorporated approximately 19 000 people. However, to ensure sustainability it had to tackle the root causes of rural poverty, i.e. tenure insecurity. The recommendations to address the vulnerability of remoteness were: 1- Fostering the development of small holding agriculture supported by guaranteed security of tenure; 2- Applying technological packages based on the Farmers Systems Research and Development (FSRD) approach to improve overall productivity of small landholders; 3- Promoting competitive microfinance for sustainable growth of small holders. Tenure reforms are within the purview of the State's authority at central, provincial and local levels and they can be carried out with minimal or no additional cost to the State budget.

Position. Team leader and Natural Resource Economist. Mid Term Evaluation. Water Resources Management, Community Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Masila region of the Hadhramout Governorate. Yemen. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. The project is a model of the UN-Global Compact Initiative for replication throughout Yemen. It aims to demonstrate joint UN-private sector cooperation (Canadian Nexen Petroleum Yemen) through a pilot scheme to advance a long-term, sustainable stewardship of water and sanitation services at the community level within the Masila region. All evidence pointed to moderately dysfunctional project management and monitoring, leading to a weak performance in community participation, which in turn has impeded the expected generation of outputs. Recommendations focused on corrective actions in project management to enable substantive community participation. This was a necessary condition to institutionalize the community's governance of resources. This Initiative's success hinges on the sustainable human development progress among the targeted communities. Communities surrounding resource development sites need to realize that they have a share of benefits from the operations owned by foreign capital in association with national interests.

Position. Team Leader and Environmental Policy Expert. Programme Formulation Mission. Sustainable Environmental Governance. Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Programme designed to promote and create greater awareness among public and private sectors about environmental commitments, obligations, rights, duties and practices; to facilitate access to and ensure involvement of the marginalized in resource management; to gain support for reflection of progressive and evolving notions on environmental rights and justice in the legal regime; and to foster attitudinal and administrative changes to institutionalize sustainable development based on environmental considerations. Through the implementation of a set of pilot efforts, the Programme intended to learn strategies about how to introduce and incorporate environmental governance considerations at the local, sub national and national levels; how to enhance knowledge and capacity about sustainable management practices, rights and duties; and how to activate actors at different levels towards achieving the MDG, PRSP and various national policy commitments. As these efforts are participatory in nature, the principles of transparency and accountability should become effective. Expected outcomes should contribute to poverty eradication, and induce changes in the regulatory regime so as to enhance the rule of law and access to environmental justice.

Position. Livelihoods Development and Income Generation Expert. Programme Formulation Mission. Programme Support Document/UNDP
Poverty Reduction and Economic Recovery for Somalia's peace building process. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Based on the triangulation of existing materials, reports and consultations with development partners a baseline was inferred on peoples’ livelihoods. The civil war brought about unmanaged development leading to substantial perturbations to terrestrial ecosystems. This was reflected in uncontrolled and unlicensed charcoal-making for export to Gulf countries which had led to deforestation. Although the sector's challenges and opportunities were identified within the poverty alleviation and reconstruction efforts, the assessment stopped short of outlining linkages with other sectors and initiatives because key processes were outstanding.

(2005) Position. Team Leader and Rural Development Expert. Mid Term Review of Poverty Outcome Evaluation and Rural Enterprise Development in the Kingdom of Bhutan. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Within the framework of the participatory approach, discussions were held on design and implementation matters with the executing agencies' operational and senior management, field front line staff and farmers. The combined evidence revealed an absence of focused and coordinated efforts, leading to a pattern of slow implementation and sluggish disbursement. To avert the risk of little or no impact on beneficiaries, the Programme's implementing strategy required refocusing. It was recommended: 1- to consider configuring area-based development projects, centered on community-based and rural enterprise development, packaged within a business plan modality; 2- to institute project management supported by the M&E component to enhance performance; and 3- to incorporate knowledge-based techniques of horticultural production-marketing systems within the community's social organization to ensure sustainability.

Position. Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Final Independent Evaluation. GEF/UNDP Project for the Biodiversity
Conservation of the Titicaca Lake Basin (Peru and Bolivia). Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Under GEF principles the Project sought the conservation and sustainable use of the Titicaca lake basin's biodiversity through
(1) the design and implementation of conservation efforts by the community and local governments; (2) the strengthening of protected areas' management; and (3) ultimately the development of a biodiversity management plan with particular reference to threatened ecosystems (i.e. tolares Parastrephia lepidophylla, bofedales & totorales Schoenoplectus tatora) and species (i.e. suri Pterocnemia pennata, pisaca Nothoprocta ornata, rana gigante Telmatobius culeus). The basin is inhabited predominantly by Aymara and Quechua Amerindians. The livelihoods of these indigenous communities' converge on diversified agricultural production oriented towards the subsistence of the family unit. Although the bulk of the Project's biodiversity conservation outputs had considerable potential to enhance the communities' livelihoods, all combined evidence pointed to a careless intervention strategy. Indigenous communities participated only circumstantially to validate findings from activities conducted by public and private organizations. The exclusion of indigenous communities in implementation has compromised the basin's biodiversity conservation and future partnerships. An actionable plan was recommended encompassing (1) stock taking of outputs produced, (2) selecting those outputs with the potential to enhance both livelihood conditions and biodiversity conservation, and (3) diffusing these selected outputs to indigenous communities and local governments through a participatory approach within the framework of restoring indigenous knowledge related to natural resource management.

Position. Principal Monitoring and Evaluation Advisor. Committee for the Implementation and Monitoring of the Results Focus Transitional Framework (RFTF) of the Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs in Liberia. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. The assignment focused exclusively on a Readiness Assessment Report for the design and installment of an M&E system. RFTF has been delivering inputs necessary to achieve essential humanitarian-emergency recovery objectives, and UNDP has been providing vital assistance along a continuum from emergency to recovery and development. The ongoing monitoring, has been tracking the delivery of inputs under the humanitarian-emergency approach. The evidence revealed that the current delivery of emergency recovery inputs, while ensuring timely and expeditious interventions, unwittingly omitted standard project planning procedures And that downstream these omissions prevented results-oriented monitoring. Moreover, it became evident that there was no national management framework to oversee a results-based M&E system, as there were pervasive and endemic structural constraints related to public sector capacity; erosion of trust and social capital; and an absence of baseline data with limited or no national organization to conduct these tasks. Consequently, the viability of building up a results-based M&E system required UNDP's leadership in an evolutionary approach. An enclave-focused strategy was needed such that an M&E system could be piloted through UNDP's strategic programmes/projects, and subsequently move on to strategic RFTF cluster (s) and ultimately the entire RFTF.

(2004) Position. Team Leader and Governance Expert. Independent mission to review UNDP Afghanistan Country Programme (CP) 2001-
2004. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. The CP intended to: 1- examine the relevance of UNDP policies and strategic positioning in the aftermath of the Taliban's demise;
2- focus on outcomes accomplished and critically examine achievements and constraints in the thematic areas; and 3- draw lessons learned to recommend areas of concentration for the next CP's strategic directions. The combined data indicated that UNDP has shown matchless flexibility and exceptional responsiveness in meeting evolving national needs, in particular state building. Programme outcomes have revealed the possibilities of learning how to govern together and still being able to fight the scourge of exclusion and poverty. Future strategic directions encompassed: 1- consolidating current flagship programmatic achievements in state building and retrofitting, within the RBM framework, those projects capable of delivering outcomes leading to sustainable livelihoods in the communities targeted; 2- focusing on improving the livelihoods of the Afghan people. This is a daunting task as the largest proportion of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihood, and agriculture has collapsed because an opium economy has arisen from insecurity, state weakness and warlords. The strategy to improve livelihoods must simultaneously consolidate the state apparatus; and advocate an international solution to the opium economy by a balancing measure to reduce the supply of illicit drugs and the demand from them.

Position. Project Management Expert. International bid appraisal for an environmental audit of a mining closure in Bolivia. Mission financed by National Government's Ministerio de Desarrollo Sostenible, Bolivia.
Functions. In close collaboration with a team composed of stakeholders and elected representatives, conducted a review of international
bids for an environmental audit associated with the closing operations of the Kori Kollo mine and its area of influence in the department of Oruro (Empresa Inti Raymi S.A.) Drafted recommendations highlighting the need 1- to design a continuous environmental monitoring led by the community in association with the civil society and 2- to review the socioeconomic impact from all activities carried out by the mining
operation.

Position. Coordinator and Natural Resources Management Expert. Lessons from the Formalization of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining in Ecuador. Joint MPRI-CASM Project. Mission financed by the IDRC.
Functions. Within the framework of a final evaluation exercise, the assignment assessed both methods required and team composition in order to draw lessons learned from the formalization process of the small and artisanal mining during in the last two decades. The exercise drew information from: 1- focal interviews with key stakeholders and 2- a rapid reconnaissance of potential sites for case studies : the settlement of Bellarica in Ponce Enrique, and the sites of Pacto, Pomaski and Pintaj. _

Position. Team leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Terminal evaluation mission. GEF/UNDP A highly decentralized approach to biodiversity protection and use: the Bangassou dense forest Project. Central African Republic. Mission financed by the UNOPS.
Functions. The project sought to : 1- promote community-based natural forest resource management within a conservation framework; 2- to propose and implement reforms of modalities on the forest's resource use; 3- to enhance the sustainability of all activities, to value and conserve forest biodiversity. At the end of the project, the communities and national cadre evinced effective ownership of natural forest resources. The lesson learned is that alternative livelihood strategies play a decisive role in the transformation process from environmentally-unfriendly natural forest exploitation to forest sustainable management. To consolidate these results, the recommendations underlined the promotion of women as the development cornerstone; strengthening the capacity of local organizations; enhancing alternative livelihood systems; and conducting community-based permanent environmental monitoring as the lynchpin of the natural forest sustainable management.

(2003) Position. Team leader and Development Planning Expert. Regional Planning Assessment for UNDP's Provincial Initiative on Area-Based Development (ABD). Islamic Republic of Iran. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Conducted the design of a joint UNDP and Government ABD program to enable the provincial/ local governments and the communities to move forward in eradicating poverty. The Program objectives sought to : 1- strengthen and empower the local community's capacity to respond to their own developmental problems; 2- to take control of their own human development, encompassing sustainable natural resource management and environmental conservation; 3- to carry out strategic investment in employment generation and farming systems supported by marketing reforms and others, with the overall purpose of increasing levels of productivity, and hence income, among vulnerable and marginalized groups, i.e. homesteading transhumant families, landless farmers, small landholders, youth and women from rural households. Pilot projects would be implemented within local communities of four Provinces (Kerman, Kermanshah, Fars, Kohgiloyeh& Boirahmad), as models for eventual replications.

Position. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Mid Term Evaluation of Northern Areas Development Program. Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Within the framework of an area development effort, the Project sought to establish community organizations that would provide technical/social services to enhance the status of women and the rehabilitation of agricultural infrastructure. Management followed previous recommendations to ensure ulama's participation in the Project activities and incorporated the Islamic mode of financing. This enabled to tap into the social capital of traditional agrarian societies to work towards poverty alleviation. The lesson learned was that by fomenting cultural identity, marginalized groups were empowered, which in turn facilitated their mainstreaming into society. To consolidate the strategy's sustainability, a linkage of the Project with the local government was proposed.

Position. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Capacity Building Expert. Project to Strengthen Support Services to Enhance Rural Competitiveness in Peru. Mission financed by the IADB.
Functions. National programme to promote agricultural growth through: 1- the empowering of rural markets and 2- strengthening the agricultural public sector. Conducted an EIA with particular reference to social equity issues (on- and off programme area). As a result, the need to consider implementing EUREP's Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) as a precautionary measure for the environmental conservation of the agricultural resources on the coastal region emerged. The recommendations focused on 1- proposing a strategy for the implementation of GAP, and 2- redressing institutional inequities of historically subordinated groups in the mountainous and tropical areas through customized training plans. These plans require support by a multilingual portal to facilitate historically subordinated group’s access to the programme's resources.

Position. Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint UNDP/FAO/GOB independent mid-term evaluation of the Integrated Horticulture and Nutrition Project in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
Functions. Project aimed : 1- to enhance the level of food security by improving the efficiency of the horticultural production systems and associated services, i.e. marketing, post harvest technologies; to ensure sustainable productivity gains that will translate into higher incomes for the target population, small and marginal farming communities and especially women of landless rural households; 2- to improve the nutritional status of the targeted population by imparting knowledge and skills to prepare and consume vegetables and fruits to complement their diet. The Mission found that progress had been made in the diffusion of improved varieties of vegetables and fruits as well as an enhanced awareness of the nutritional value of vegetables and home-made food preservation. A vital achievement was the empowerment of women through the organization of farmers groups. The recommendations focused on the bottom-up preparation of market oriented and marketing driven business plans for farmers’ groups based on their resources and skills, with the technical support of the Project. Customized business plans should facilitate beneficiaries to take advantage of their new skills to improve their incomes.

Position. Team Leader and Institutional Development Expert. Evaluation of the Halon Sector Phase Out Program in the People’s Republic of China. Mission financed by the UNEP Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.
Functions. Within the framework of the participatory approach, the evaluation sought to assess the progress achieved in the phase-out of halon production and consumption, as reported in audit reports and work programs of the World Bank. Specifically, the Mission assessed the quantity and quality of ABC powder and carbon dioxide extinguishers and other halon alternatives in the context of their safety and environmental concerns. The timelines and approach for the planned halon recovery recycling and banking activities were reviewed. The current policy framework and mechanisms to finalize the phase-out plan as scheduled were also assessed. Lessons learned on good practices were drawn from design, implementation, institutional framework, and its potential replicability to other countries.

(2002) Position. Environmental Management Expert. Design of a management strategy for the implementation of the Sustainable Environment Management Program in Bangladesh. Mission financed by the UNDP.
Functions. The Program encompasses 25 projects oriented towards strengthening capacity at three levels: community (enabling the poor to have equitable access to environmental resources), local government (developing the capacity to protect the interests of the poor and to monitor them) and national (establishing and enforcing enabling laws, policies and plans). Within the framework of the participatory approach the Program foments national sustainable development, especially in the rural context. To ensure sustainable outcomes, the mission proposed management recommendations to revamp implementation procedures in two specific contexts: 1- identification and design of the strategy to induce synergy among the Program activities to enhance the quality and scope of expected outcomes; 2- articulation of an exit framework for one Sub-Implementing Agency and setting future directions to realign all activities within the Program for the remaining implementation period.

Position. Team leader & Agricultural Economics Expert. FAO independent terminal assessments mission of two projects: Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Thana Cereal Technology Transfer and Identification in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
Functions. Within the framework of poverty reduction efforts financed by the UNDP, both Projects addressed nearly optimally, the protection and regeneration of the environment, gender issues and in particular poverty eradication. Both Projects induced the advancement of biological over mechanical technologies to ease the constraints on growth imposed by the inelastic supply of land. Specifically, the path of technological change was the inducement towards biological, knowledge-based, extension oriented technologies. All evidence concurred that this path is sustainable and successful because: 1- it took into account Bangladesh’s rural resource endowments; 2- the technologies introduced are applicable in poverty reduction and are neutral with respect to equity---women have almost exclusively centered their activities on seed preservation, IPM and post harvest activities. In sum, because of the sustainable results achieved, the national policies’ current thrust is on the extension of biological technology. The country is now strategically situated for effective poverty alleviation with technologies that are environmentally friendly and viable for the rural poor supported by national pro-poor agricultural policies. Access to land has emerged as the vital link to escaping the entrapment of poverty.

Position. Team leader and Regional Planning Expert. Identification mission for the development planning of the Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Iran. Mission financed by UNOPS.
Functions. Ensuing from a request by the national government, UNDP launched a mission to draft a framework document required to enhance resource management capabilities and skills geared to expanding income levels through investment projects. To achieve this, a regional development strategy pursuing sustainable and equitable human-based development within the framework of employment generation, poverty reduction and policies to address the geo-political complex was proposed. This strategy was twofold: 1- recommendations to close the gap between the planning process of national/regional and project cycle procedures supported by implementing arrangements; and 2- a set of ten investment project profiles, focusing on natural resource management with particular reference to managing soil and water resources in an arid/semi-arid environment through specific drought-resistant crop varieties and land cultivation techniques. These were to be considered by national authorities for development support and sourcing of investment funds, including donors.

Position. Team leader and Agricultural Economist. Joint UNDP/FAO/GOB independent mid-term evaluation the Community Livestock and Dairy Development Project in Bangladesh. Mission financed by FAO.
Functions. Situated in one of the poorest areas of the country’s North West, the Project intended to empower poor farmers and the disadvantaged female members of rural households through the promotion of fish farming combined with artisanal livestock, principally dairy production. The mechanisms to achieve income growth were the application of micro credit operations supported by skills enhancement in animal husbandry and health practices encompassing dairy production. Preliminary results confirmed sustainable micro credit operations. To reduce poverty levels, the recommendations centered on the need to implement an institutional infrastructure for sustainable milk production, i.e. a continuous flow of technical know-how on dairy production, animal health services and strategic support in milk marketing.

(2001) Position. Team leader Natural Resources Management Expert. Independent cluster review of UNDP Fiji’s Country Cooperation Framework (CCF) 1997-2001. Mission organized by UNDESA.
Functions. The Fiji Country Office covers nine Pacific Island States (PIS). The present review concentrated on four: Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Tonga. Through fieldwork geared to assess development outcomes, the results achieved during the CCF were examined and validated. From this perspective, the review critically examined achievements and constraints, drew lessons learned and recommended strategic areas of focus for the next CCF. The overarching theme was the vulnerability of PISs, i.e. ecologic fragility, natural disasters, political volatility and globalization. The quality and scope of staff performance required revamping to meet the next CCF’s challenges.

Position. Team leader and Agribusiness expert. Project preparation mission for upstream capacity development to enhance China’s agro-processing industry within the context of China’s ascension to the WTO requirements. Mission financed by the Government of the PRC.
Functions. The project was designed to enhance the capabilities of the agro-industrial sub-sector, including small farmers, to boost their international competitiveness in order to profit from the opportunities offered by China's ascension to the WTO. The modality contract agriculture was proposed to link up farmers, industrialist, researchers and extension organizations through technological packages. These packages, besides being ecologically sound and socio-economically viable, take into account the world’s market demand and the WTO regulations. This modality has been tested in four pilot projects with crops, evincing comparative advantage in the world market. The pilot projects were situated in Harbin, Hubei, Qingdao and Yantai. A key expected outcome was to advance the processes’ agricultural and structural adjustments leading to an increase in farmers' income and providing the women of rural households with wider opportunities to achieve economic empowerment.

Position. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Midterm evaluation of the Environmental Natural Resource Management Project in Malawi. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. The project’s aim was to prevent environmental degradation and to establish the basis for a sustainable environment through monitoring, in order to amplify the country’s biological diversity. Activities included the restoration and maintenance of essential ecosystems, the diffusion of appropriate technologies and enhancing public awareness and building capacity in environmental management leading to a collaborative management of natural resources. There were early signs of successful application of indigenous knowledge and forest species for sustainable livelihood. The original design was ambitious and did not adopt realistic objectives to identify outputs based on problem analysis reflected in performance indicators. The recommendations focused on reformulating the project design, as well as management, with greater emphasis on distance education and customized/on-site training procedures.

Position. Team leader and Institution Development Expert. Midterm evaluation of UNDP/Mauritania’ CCF (1997-2001). Mission financed by UNDESA.
Functions. To examine the Program’s strategic positioning, relevance and performance, a participative-iterative approach was used within the framework of results-based management. For each of the expected results an analytical synthesis of results achieved was conducted with the participation of the Program officers. The baseline conditions, inputs, objectives, strategic results framework, partnerships, UNDP’s role and beneficiaries were all taken into account. The conclusions and recommendations incorporated issues discussed with principal partners, stakeholders of technical departments and beneficiaries’ representatives. During a stakeholders meeting, the conclusions and recommendations were validated to direct the next cycle.

Position. M&E and Environmental Management Expert. Midterm evaluation mission of the Sustainable Environment Management Program in Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNOPS.
Functions The Program intended to: 1- support community empowerment and capacity building for sustainable management of environmental resources; 2- strengthen the public sector’s capacity to develop a new framework for policy development in support of enhanced community participation and sustainable management of the country’s environment and natural resources; and 3- foster human development of the grass-roots level population, particularly women in eco-specific interventions areas. Despite ineffective support from the national executing agency, there were early successful results stemming from community-based initiatives in urban waste management. Recommendations centered on revamping implementation and management procedures and heightening the national executing agency’s motivation and capabilities.

(2000) Position. Institutional Development and Investment Analysis Expert. Program formulation mission to Strengthen National Capacity for Development Cooperation Partnerships in Cambodia. Mission financed by UNOPS.
Functions. With the purpose of re-defining UNDP/Cambodia’s structure of assistance to the national government so that it could become more nationally-owned, the mission’s mandate was to formulate a Program of technical assistance to address the capacity development needs in order to foster aid coordination and development cooperation. The framework proposed was centered on a strategy oriented towards: (1) upgrading the quality of information to all partners in the context of implementing a poverty reduction strategy and (2) reinforcing the national investment Programming and coordination procedures. Specifically, an effective public investment management system including an integrated geomatic information module supported by a development management facility was highlighted.

Position. Monitoring and Evaluation Expert. Drafting the preliminary version of Results-Based Management Evaluation handbook applicable to the operations of NAFTA’s Commission for Environmental Cooperation. Mission financed by CEC.
Functions. Within the framework of the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation, the CEC required an RBM evaluating procedure to assess the results of its operations. Based on the analytical review of current RBM methodologies, currently applied by intergovernmental organizations, an operational framework of the RBM procedures applicable to the context of CEC operations was drafted. This operational framework was successfully tested to benchmark the results achieved in the Mexico City Liaison Office.

Position. Team Leader and Natural Resource Management Expert. Midterm cluster evaluation mission of three ABD in Balochistan, AJK and Northern Areas of Pakistan. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. A governance Program intended to create an enabling environment for people to participate in decision-making, through civil society strengthening and the social/political empowerment of women. The three projects intended to implement people-centered and demand-driven poverty eradication schemes were oriented towards the conservation, regeneration and sustainable use of the threatened environment and natural resource base which the poor depend on. Overall, the mission found that the ABD approach introduced rationality in the use of financial and human resources, facilitating the production of outputs with potential for outcomes. Government ownership was a vital component needed to ensure sustainability of outputs and outcomes. Women with academic achievement led proactive women’s organizations, indicating that literacy is the key that opens the door to choices and opportunities. Project managers needed analytical efforts to identify and reach resource-poor farm households. The onset of drought in Balochistan and the absence of a strategy to introduce institutional innovations, among reticent traditional social structures in the Northern Areas, turned into overriding constraints requiring project redesign.

Position. Team Leader and Institutional Development Expert. Cluster evaluation mission of ProRADAR and GlobeSAR-2 projects for the application of radar images to natural resource management and environmental conservation in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Mission financed by CIDA.
Functions. The projects, utilizing Canada’s RADARSAT satellite, intended to: 1- increase expertise in radar and its integration with other remote sensing data; 2- ensure that a wide range of decision-making institutions understood the potential and application of radar remote sensing addressing each country’s development needs; 3- establish a university-based radar remote sense training capacity; 4- expand joint research between Canadian and South American government agencies and universities; and 5- increase sales of Canadian remote sensing products and services to the region. The following pattern emerged: 1- in countries with installed remote sensing infrastructure, characterized by a large land mass, cloudy regions and proneness to natural disaster, the projects achieved results with potential for impact; 2- in countries with installed university capacity in remote sensing, the projects consolidated training capabilities in remote sensing applications. Consequently, radar solutions were effectively applied to protect biodiversity in the Amazon’s region where oil and mining exploration/exploitation is ongoing. ProRADAR achieved dynamic sustainability because its design included the participation of end users from the beginning. This technology was therefore effectively transferred within the structure of national organizations when the project came to a close. GlobeSAR-2 expanded radar applications from the Amazon’s ecosystem to those in the southern cone and western South America. Overall, the existing institutional infrastructure largely determined the effective use of radar and remote sensing in natural resource management and environmental conservation.

(1999) Position. Team Leader and Institution Development Expert. Country Review of UNDP Republics of Seychelles and Mauritius’ CCF (1997-1999). Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. The mission focused on results achieved and lessons learned from previous cooperation within the framework of poverty alleviation, sustainable livelihoods, environmental regeneration, women advancement and governance. From assessing the projects’ results achieved in each country, the Mission charted out strategic guidelines for UNDP cooperation. In the case of the Seychelles, after the suspension of the CCF in 1997, the mission persuaded the government to create the conditions for a new CCF, taking into account the country’s status of Net Contributor and UNDP’s comparative advantage to contribute to the solution of the country’s economic predicament. In the case of Mauritius, though the government displayed credibility and commitment to its engagements, the CCF showed weaknesses. Despite the fact that the design was relevant, it was ambitious and results were consequently limited. The mission recommended major investment in training the country office’s staff as the needs were acute in all of the phases of the programming cycle and fiscal resource management.

Position. Institutional Development and Natural Resource Management Expert. Midterm evaluation mission concerning the Environment & Mining Industry Reform Project in Bolivia. Mission financed by CIDA.
Functions. Within the framework of public sector reform, the project was oriented towards: 1- enhancing local capacities in environmental rehabilitation of mining operations with safety and health policies; 2- ensuring transparent information about the existing geological database 3- ensuring that the mining code is compatible with sustainable economic development. Though project design was compatible with poverty alleviation efforts in the Altiplano region, there was the need for greater inter-disciplinary and multi-sector efforts to achieve results. To decrease pressure on mineral resources, strategies to improve sustainable livelihoods and to foster local economic development among mining communities were recommended with special reference to the empowerment of women involved in the recovery of minerals.

Position. Team Leader and Institution Development Expert. Cluster evaluation of ozone depleting substances under the Montreal Protocol in Africa. Mission financed by UNEP’s Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.
Functions. There were two tasks within the framework of the assignment. The first concerned the preparation of an overall design framework to assess the progress in phase-out strategies conducted by the Regional Networks of Asia, Africa and Latin America. These strategies were supported by capacity building efforts under the coordination of the Network Manager of UNEP/Paris. The second assignment involved conducting a field review on the progress of the National Ozone Units’ institutional strengthening in: Mauritius, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Ethiopia, Egypt and Tunisia. Recommendations centred on enhancing project management and capacity development through focused field project supervision by executing agencies.

Position. Team Leader and Institution Development Expert. Country Program Review of UNDP Azerbaijan’s CCF (1997-1999). Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. The mission focused on results achieved and lessons learned from previous CCF within the framework of poverty alleviation, sustainable livelihoods, environmental regeneration, women advancement and governance. From the assessment of the results from 20 projects of the on-going Program, the mission charted out strategic guidelines to enable UNDP to shift from humanitarian relief operations to sustainable development efforts. This could be done through support in the areas of poverty alleviation, environmental protection and governance, with particular reference to the regeneration of agriculture and agriculture-based small and medium enterprises.

Position. Team Leader. Terminal evaluation mission on Institution Building for Natural Resource Management in Nicaragua. Mission financed by CIDA.
Functions. Within the framework of public sector reforms and decentralization of natural resource management, the project intended to build up the Ministry of Agriculture’s institutional capacity. Though the project was relevant to the country needs and context, the results were weak because the implementation strategy proved inadaptable. The most considerable and unexpected impediment to achievement of the anticipated objectives was the highly fluid institutional environment of the natural resource sector over the implementation period. Planning for the unexpected, in the context of the continuous evolution of agricultural institutions, emerged as a major lesson.

Position. Resource economics analyst. Design of an international mining investment strategy based on local participatory development. Noranda Technological Centre, Pointe Claire, Quebec.
Functions. As globalization and deregulation have rapidly led to a wide distribution around the world of mining industry investment, new challenges have surfaced. The analysis conducted intended to provide guidelines on how an international mining company can become a partner in the process of local economic development since governments in developing countries are retrenching from nearly all-productive sectors. Based on the concept of the participatory development approach, a strategic framework was articulated to tackle investment opportunities in developing countries. The road map proposed contained a stepwise approach to identify the opportunities in local economic development with particular reference to enhancing sustainable livelihood systems. The strategy converged into a plan of action encompassing the private and public sectors, non-governmental organizations and the civil society to enable community-based local development. This would allow local sustainable development once the international mining company leaves.

(1998) Position. Resource Management Expert. Terminal evaluation mission of the Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Mission financed by UNOPS.
Functions. In the context of revitalizing global support for South-South cooperation, the mission examined field results from two decades of TCDC promotion and capacity building at the intergovernmental, interagency, interregional, regional and national levels in Brazil, Costa Rica, Chile, Ecuador and Venezuela. Successful cases and best practices of TCDC were identified. Recommendations centered on articulating an outreach strategy to enhance South-South cooperation in the context of other teams that simultaneously visited Asia and Africa.

Position. Team leader and Microfinance Expert. Cluster terminal evaluation mission on two poverty alleviation projects in the Provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan in the People’s Republic of China. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. In remote upland areas of Southwest China, two pilot projects targeting the Townships of Malipo and Jinping (Yunnan Province) and Yilong County (Sichuan Province) were reviewed within the framework of a participatory approach. The target group was the poorest of the poor, in particular women of rural households and ethnic nationalities. The strategy involved extending microcredit supported by skills’ enhancement training in crop production and small livestock techniques. Outstanding results were accomplished by enhancing women economic status and self-esteem within the family unit, thus empowering them. Though income generation was achieved, greater efforts were needed to ensure the sustainability of micro-credit within the framework of the regional economy. A framework for a database to follow-up on micro-credit performance was designed for this purpose.

Position. Team Leader and Agricultural Economics Expert. Joint FAO/UNDP Mid-Term Evaluation Mission on irrigated cereal production intensification and crop diversification in the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions The project was designed to increase the productivity of irrigated rice by extending improved crop management practices and to identify new technologies to allow diverse and intense rice-based cropping systems. Thus, productivity gains were expected to increase farm outputs and incomes; provide employment opportunities for the landless; and refocus on the production of more nutritional crops that would in turn enhance the sustainability of the production system and reduce malnutrition through improved diets. Sustainable results were achieved in the extension of crop management practices. The systematic use of crop/farm budgets under the conditions of marginal/landless farmers showed little or no impact from the introduction of these practices. The mission’s recommendations were oriented towards: 1- consolidating ongoing achievements based on an environmentally friendly production systems; 2- adopting new rice varieties led by the use of participatory rapid appraisal procedures and extension methods, and 3- refocusing on poverty alleviation by enhancing the participation of women from landless and marginal household farms and applying the farming systems research and development approach.

Position. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Joint FAO/UNDP Terminal Evaluation Mission on the management of natural forest in Burkina Faso. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. In an area of 228 000 ha of natural forest, the project intended to: 1- contribute to the restitution of the socio-ecological equilibrium by reorganizing land use and occupation with the effective participation of the local population; 2- develop available natural forest resources for firewood production; 3- develop an intervention strategy to assure the restitution of degraded ecological systems; and 4- strengthen national capacity in forest management. At the end of a third phase the project had been able to create an instrument to manage natural forest by articulating environmental, socio-organizational, cultural and economic management factors. The linchpin was a strong, decentralized resource conservation approach within the framework of a participatory development plan. This process led to sustainable economic development based on forest resources as it had the potential to alleviate poverty. It also had the potential for replication elsewhere in the region.

Position. Team leader and Institution Development Expert. Joint Terminal Evaluation Mission on Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC) promotion and capacity building in the People’s Republic of China. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Within the framework of TCDC, two projects’ results were reviewed in-depth. The first project was oriented towards assisting business development capabilities among national R&D and enhancing their participation in the regional market globalization process. The mission recommended custom-tailored training to enable the R&D centers’ researchers and administrators to acquire business development skills and become operational in the world market place where their technologies were relevant to poverty alleviation based on environmental conservation. The second project was geared towards facilitating the process of regional economic integration in two sub regions (the Greater Indo-China and the Silk Road) through the expansion of trade and investment. The recommendations centered on the need to achieve regional integration through a participatory-iterative approach in order to converge on a regional integration strategy leading to a plan of action for economic integration based on institution building and harmonization of legal and administrative regimes.

Position. Institutional Development and Public Sector Reform Expert. Final Evaluation of Power System Master Plan (PSMP) project in Honduras. Project financed by the CIDA.
Functions. Within the framework of the electricity sub-sector reforms, the mission reviewed institutional building results in the context of activities oriented towards transferring power-planning skills to national professionals through the drafting of a PSMP. The plan met the needs of the Honduran energy sector in the medium and long terms. The bulk of the trainees were in charge of regulating the sub-sector. The mission recommended additional skills enhancement within the context of the electricity’s generation/distribution privatization and the development of regional energy markets. Specifically, skills were needed for a comprehensive public sector reform to enable consumer’s quality services with competitive prices.

(1997) Position. Water Resources Planner. SADC- Water Sector Coordination Unit in Maseru, Lesotho. Project financed by UNDP.
Functions. Within the context of a round table conference on integrated water resource management for SADC member countries, directly involved in the design of a regional strategy plan for water resource development within the framework of poverty alleviation, food security and industrial development. The strategy was based on the Water Resources Situation Report of each country and regional data.

Position Environmental planning expert. National Committee for the Environment and Sustainable Development in Niger. Mission financed by UNOPS.
Functions Within the framework of the National Plan for the Environment and Sustainable Development (PNEDD), a multi donor Project (UNDP, Capacity 21, UNSO) proposed to build up the institutional capacity of the public sector and the civil society. Specifically, it intended to strengthen the national capacity to enable the drafting of the PNEDD, within the context of a participatory approach, decentralization processes, and partnerships among the population, the civil society, the public sector and donors. The mission drafted a manual for strategic prospective analysis designed for the review of environmental issues, within an interdisciplinary/intersectoral context and leading to the construction of sustainable development scenarios. To enhance capacity building efforts, the mission drafted the manual's framework jointly with national counterparts and conducted simulation exercises of prospective studies.

Position. Team leader and National Planning Expert. Joint UNDP/DDSMS Final Evaluation Mission of a national project on economic management, planning and socio-economic reforms in Equatorial Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP.
Functions. Within the framework of governance and human sustainable development, the project intended to formulate a middle-range economic development strategy; to improve the Programming and monitoring of public investments; to ensure an effective follow-up of the structural adjustment Program; and to organize a donors’ round table. The mission prioritized future vital activities: 1- implementing an effective and efficient public investment Program in conjunction with a middle-range economic development strategy, 2- launching a regional development effort for the continental region within the framework of decentralization, and 3- ensuring that the government is committed to enabling the trained cadre to effectively become members of the civil service within structures oriented by merit.

Position. Team leader and Regional Planning Expert. Joint UNDP/UNCDF Mid-Term Evaluation Mission of a regional eco-development program to eradicate poverty in Mauritania. Mission funded by UNDP.
Functions. The Assaba regional Program, within the framework of participatory eco-development process, intended to diminish the drought-induced rural exodus by: 1- either constructing or rehabilitating water storage structures; 2- drilling new wells; 3- constructing social infrastructure; and 4- stimulating the expansion of agricultural production. Given the size of the Program area (36 600km2), the fieldwork prioritized visits to water storage structures to ascertain water management for combined agriculture/livestock purposes. This was supported by unstructured interviews with nomad and sedentary populations on issues related to water management. It became evident that greater focus on training procedures geared towards institutionalizing the participatory approach of the eco-development process among all participants was needed. This was vital to ensuring the accrual and equitable distribution of economic benefits derived from the infrastructure development among participants.

Position. Decentralization and Environmental Management Expert. National Institutional Strengthening Program of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources in Nicaragua. Mission funded by DANIDA.
Functions. Within a training framework for capacity development in environmental management, in coordination with municipalities, donors and civil society, conducted a preliminary diagnosis to decentralize the ministry’s mandate in three departments (Chinandega, Granada and Chontales). The overarching purpose was sustainable development at a municipal level.

(1996) Position. Investment Programming and Regional Development Expert. Triennial Public Investment Program in Haiti. Mission funded by the IADB.
Functions. Within the context of a public sector reform:1- carried out a rapid survey on the role and functioning of NGOs with the purpose to improve the coherence and coordination among the State, the donors and NGOs; 2- as a prerequisite to the public investment Program, drew up a scheme geared to enhance the public sector’s capacity development for environmental regeneration within a framework of regional territorial planning. The mission stressed the need for on-the-job training to ensure the environmental management needed to sustain economic development.

Position. M&E and Project Management Expert. Implementation of the National System of Public Investment in Nicaragua. Mission financed by IADB with collaboration of UNOPS.
Duties. Within the framework of a public reform Program, designed M&E instruments and procedures to ensure an efficient allocation of domestic and foreign resources in public investments. Specifically: 1- an M&E manual was drafted to monitor both timely input delivery and results through continuous evaluation within the framework of the national environmental plan; 2- customized instruments were drawn up to monitor the physical progress and funds disbursement for all the projects comprising the public investment Program: and 3- M&E training based on the drafted manual was imparted to the civil service cadre implementing the public investment Program.

(1995) Position. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Joint FAO/SIDA/BADC/SADC Terminal Evaluation Mission of a regional aquaculture Program for local community development in the countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Mission financed by FAO.
Duties. The mission’s purpose was to examine Program results obtained from the investigation, testing and demonstration of aquaculture development methods. These had to be socially and economically feasible and environmentally viable. The fieldwork conducted in Malawi, Lesotho, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Zambia involved participatory dialogues with targeted communities and reviews of cultural/ecological factors with project staff. Despite design and implementation difficulties, there were prominent results in extension methodology development and application in the Eastern Province of Zambia. This approach was environmentally friendly and compatible with the framework of poverty alleviation projects. The mission recommended replicating these results with greater focus on the integration of fish culture with indigenous farming systems, developing community-based management of fisheries in small water bodies and strengthening institutional capacities for greater Program ownership by beneficiaries.

Position. Water Management Expert. IFAD Mid-Term Evaluation Mission of the Southwestern Small Farmers Rehabilitation and Development Project in the Dominican Republic. Mission financed by the IFAD.
Duties. Responsible for assessing progress in the reconstruction of civil works, the organization and training of irrigators, on-farm water management practices, and a rapid environmental appraisal of the scheme’s watershed. The irrigation scheme had a command area of 4000 ha and comprised smallholders’ farms. Recommendations centered on intensifying on-farm water management training, with particular reference to the maintenance & operation of secondary and tertiary canals to ensure effective management of the whole district at the time of the project’s completion. To mitigate the pervasive soil degradation in the watershed, a participatory social forestry action based on agro-forestry techniques was recommended.

(1994) Position. Environmental Impact Assessment Expert. Structural adjustment of the public agricultural sector in Ecuador. Program financed by the IADB.
Duties. Responsible for assessing the potential environmental impact from a proposed IADB loan geared towards reforming public agriculture services. The loan's potential impact on the environment encompassed the introduction of private property rights in publicly owned land and water, the implementation of cost recovery policies in public irrigation districts, personnel retrenchment and privatization of the Ministry of Agriculture's support services. The implementation of these measures would enable the public sector to apply sustainable policies in renewable natural resources. The key environmental issue was the effect that the anticipated consolidation of water and land holdings would have on people who sell their water or land. The Action Plan recommended analytical studies to avoid/ mitigate, among others: the displacement of small farmers, increased slash and burn agriculture, increased degradation of forests with associated loss of biodiversity, and a training Program to cement the public sector reforms with enhanced institutional capabilities in connection with the Program’s and sector’s monitoring and evaluation with the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS).

Position. Team leader and Capacity Development Expert. Joint UNDP/FAO Terminal Evaluation Mission of advanced centers on postgraduate agricultural education and research in India. Mission financed by the UNDP.
Duties. The mission intended to establish the role of higher education and research to meet the nation’s food production needs through yield improvements in crop and animal production systems. An instrument was designed to collect data consistently in order to weight the technology’s potential effect on the client’s needs. The curricula and ongoing research were examined. Informal interviews were held with the staff and students of the following postgraduate education and research centers: 1- agricultural education and research management at the National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad; 2- plant biotechnology at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi; 3- animal biotechnology at the National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal; 4- immuno-biotechnology at the Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Itzatnagar; 5- irrigation management at the Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal; 6- land resource management at the National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur; 7- soil fertility and plant nutrition at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana; 8- agricultural meteorology at the Agricultural College, Pune of the Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri; 9- agro-forestry at the Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training, Dehradun; 10- seed technology at Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar; and 11- inland fisheries at the Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Training Center, Bhubaneswar in collaboration with the Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology. Although the mission found considerable curricula improvements and ongoing or completed research, it recommended greater focus on the client's needs to ensure that research findings and teaching innovations are effectively disseminated and ultimately reach the grassroots levels.

Position. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Joint UNCDF/UNDP/FAO/ILO Mid-Term Evaluation of an integrated marine fisheries-rural roads development Program in Sierra Leone. Mission financed by UNCDF.
Duties. The mission’s purpose was to assess to what extent income and living conditions improved in the Shenge area stemming from: 1- increased fish production ensured by regular availability of fishing gear and other essential inputs; 2- enhanced fish processing facilities and marketing outlets for women; 3- rural employment from the construction and maintenance of the Moyamba-Shenge rural road, rehabilitation of schools, rural water supplies and health centers; 4- the participation of chiefdom authorities and direct beneficiaries, especially women, in the construction and maintenance of referred rural infrastructure; and 5- institutional capacity development in rural road maintenance and the management of marine fisheries within the framework of sustainable use of coastal zone resources. The fieldwork combined observation with systematic review on project results in the four chiefdoms under review. Participatory sessions were held with the target population on the use of the resources. It was found that the grass roots’ mobilization had been achieved, whereby income and living conditions had improved. To ensure overall sustainability, the mission recommended continuing with sensitization and awareness training of labor-intensive methods in infrastructure maintenance and that on project completion the primary beneficiaries should have the option of acquiring at present value the project's capital assets and equipment.

Position. M&E and Rural Development Expert. Mid-Term Evaluation Mission for the Canada-Israel Joint Training Program in Agriculture and Rural Development in Israel. Mission financed by CIDA.
Duties. Regional Program designed to provide agricultural training opportunities in selected Israeli centers to trainees from Asia, Africa and the Americas. In Israel, the professional staff from nine training institutes were interviewed; curricula content analysis included procedures for practicum. A tracer survey directed to all former trainees in Asia, Africa and the Americas was conducted to discern indicative evidence toward sustainable results. It was found that the Program had considerable potential to respond to CIDA’s policy framework in effective and efficient terms. The results of the tracer survey had the potential to be used as a database to measure performance in training actions.

(1993) Position. Team leader and Natural Resources Management Expert. Joint FAO/UNDP Technical Evaluation Mission on aquaculture development in Madagascar. Mission financed by UNDP.
Duties. Within the framework of UNDP Global Program, the mission’s mandate was to evaluate, technically, the strategy of promoting aquiculture by privatizing the production and distribution of carp fries (cyprinus carpio) among farmers specializing in rice-fish culture. To ensure sustainability, the Mission recommended the privatization of unused public infrastructure for the production of carp fries supported by training within the framework of market mechanisms so that the fish could reach the market at prices affordable to the consumer and remunerative to the producer.

Position. Team leader and Regional Planning Expert. Joint UNDESD/UNDP Mid-Term Evaluation Mission of a master plan for regional development in Senegal. Mission financed by UNDP.
Duties. The mission intended to establish the effectiveness and relevance of: 1- a National master plan for regional development, 2- a plan for regional development for each of the country's ten regions, and 3- associated cartographic support. The mission sojourned in representative regions and conducted participatory sessions on the planning process with grass-roots level organizations. To enhance the sustainability of potential results, it became evident that the implementing strategy required the execution of additional studies related to: 1- the adaptation of the land tenure regime to the social needs of each region; 2- the organization of technological packages for low-input sustainable agriculture in accordance with the needs of the regions; and 3- the application of GIS techniques for modeling regional development.

Position. Team leader and Agricultural Training Expert. Joint FAO/UNDP Terminal Evaluation Mission on agricultural management training in Equatorial Guinea. Mission financed by UNDP.
Duties. The project addressed the delivery of computer based training to the Ministry of Agriculture’s middle and high cadre in project monitoring/evaluation procedures; compilation and analysis of national agricultural statistics and data bases; agricultural project analysis; and policy and procedures for personnel management. The Mission recommended a second phase to reinforce institutional development and to enable the sustainability of project results within the national institutional structure.

Position. Team leader and Water Resources Management Expert. UNSO Project Pre-formulation Mission on environmental conservation and watershed management in the Fouta Djallon region of Guinea. Mission financed by the UNSO with the collaboration of the OAU.
Duties. Responsible for the design of two complementary projects, of which the first outlined activities to establish a regional center for documentation and continuous environmental monitoring based on remote sensing and the application of GIS techniques, for the sustainable development of agricultural and forestry resources and regional watershed management. The second outlined a project preparation guideline for specific watershed management, based on the sustainable development of agriculture and forestry resources through the promotion and animation of rural communities, particularly women. Specifically, training procedures were identified for grassroots animation to ensure the communities' participation in the application of agro-forestry practices from project start-off onwards, and a health/nutrition Program for children was designed to allow women greater participation in horticultural and handicraft production activities.

(1992) Position. Team leader and Agricultural Training Expert. Joint UNDP/UNESCO Terminal Evaluation Mission for a national project in agricultural training and extension in Togo. Mission financed by UNDP.
Duties. The project was geared to increase the agricultural sector's yields and incomes through:1- improved teaching and training methods and practices for students at technological and university levels of learning; 2- the training and recycling of extension agents; and 3- improved production techniques among farmers' organizations, including women. The mission recommended enhancing the national capacity in educational management, adjusting training to the nation's rural development needs and introducing environmental conservation practices in rural education establishments. This would assure the sustainability of project activities within the national structure.

Position. Agronomic and Financial Analyst. Golf Course Design. Project financed by private developers.
Duties. Primarily involved in the evaluation of a golf course investment in Saint-Lazare and Vaudreuil, Quebec. Additionally, participated in a multi-disciplinary team that carried out the resource inventory and land use planning based on a computer-assisted-mapping with GIS techniques.

Position. Project Management Expert. Supervision financed by UNDP/OPS.
Duties. Executed a supervision mission of an IFAD financed agricultural project in the region of Ebebiyin and Mongomo in Equatorial Guinea. Recommendations included procedures to reinforce vegetable production among women farmer groups. Specifically, it was essential to foster participatory grassroots development so that local agents, rather than project management, could carry out critical activities such as the commercialization of fresh vegetables and targeting the markets.

Position. Irrigation Organization Expert. Supervision financed by UNDP/OPS.
Duties. Carried out a supervision mission of IFAD’s Southwestern Small Farmers Rehabilitation and Development Project in Neyba, Dominican Republic. As rehabilitation works had begun in a command area of 4000 ha, the mission recommended methods and procedures to organize not only future irrigators but also the internal management of the district. This was essential for effective training in water management at the farm level with the operation and maintenance of secondary and tertiary canals.

(1987-1991) Position. Project Management Officer. UNDP/OPS, New York, USA.
Duties. Within the framework of an implementation unit, the following tasks were prominent: 1- participate in project appraisal missions and ensuing loan agreement negotiations between borrowers and donors; 2- supervise the implementation of agricultural/rural projects under the modalities of national execution to ensure training and technology transfer to national officers; 3- provide technical support to national executing teams in the analysis of national/international bidding; 4- approve projects’ annual budget and implement the schedule; 5- coordinate the fielding of technical assistance teams, including quality control. Executed the following projects with an approximate value of USD 50 million.
o Ghana: 1- a small holders’ consolidation and development project in the Northern Region including the rehabilitation of feeder roads, training and agricultural extension, small ruminants’ development, rural credit, agroforestry, production activities to foster women in agricultural development, and a national Program to improve the varieties of roots and tubers for local consumption; 2- small holders’ credit development project in the Kumasi region to support food crop production efforts; 3- small-scale irrigation development project in the Bolgatanga region based, both, on improved traditional irrigation techniques and the application of social mechanisms peculiar to the region for water management purposes.
o Niger: a national Program aimed at supporting: 1- traditional irrigation development in the Diffa and Tillabéry regions;2- introduction of water and soil conservation techniques including agroforestry to improve the agricultural output in the Badéguichéri region; and 3- a customized credit Program to rehabilitate the livestock of Tuareg nomads in the areas of Tchirozerine, Agadez, and Tchintabadarene.
o Equatorial Guinea: project attempting to foster the organization of villages, particularly women production groups, in the continent (Ebebiyin and Mongomo) in order to transform the pervasive slash-and-burn agriculture into sedentary agriculture based on horticultural production and poultry as a source of organic fertilizer.
o Kenya: the project attempted to provide integrated social services (child health and nutrition) and production support activities (rural water supplies and credit, artisanal fisheries, poultry, road rehabilitation), to ameliorate the living conditions and the income of the farmers in the Kisumu region.
o Dominican Republic: a small-holder irrigation rehabilitation project of 4500 ha in the Southwestern region, with the purpose of introducing, besides the irrigation infrastructure rehabilitation works, a sustainable irrigators’ organization for effective water management at the district and farm levels, and viticulture and artisanal oenological development for women in agricultural development.

(1981-1986) Position. Team leader. Supervision Missions for the IFAD Camalote Integrated Rural Development Project,
Camaguey, Cuba. Mission financed by UNDP/OPE.
Duties. Responsible for the execution of twelve supervision missions, including procedures for project inception and review of the completion reports. Duties involved the supervision of civil works related to a command area of 5000 ha of surface irrigation of which 1000 ha have subsurface drainage, a network of five earth dams and social infrastructure works. Conducted credit loan disbursements and quality control of technical assistance as well as monitored evaluation studies. The targeted population consisted of both private smallholder and state cooperatives. To ensure effective implementation, it was necessary to bridge the conceptual and operational differences between market oriented and centrally planned economies. A conceptual and operational agreement was reached with state authorities to facilitate:1- conceptual and operational agreement on cost accounting, pricing, bidding procedures for local/international procurement, and execution of contracts; 2- total project output was defined within the framework of the State’s production quota; 3- project’s direct and indirect benefits were defined, taking into account the State provisions for education and health benefits; and 4- economic performance indicators for state cooperatives were defined.

(1985-1986) Position. Chairman, Department of Economics and Rural Sociology at the Institut National de Développement Rural, Thiés,
Senegal. Project financed by the IBRD.
Duties. Responsible for : 1- the design and implementation of the department’s curricula; 2- taught courses on: the financial & economic evaluation of projects with special reference to irrigation development and on-farm investments; organization and management of irrigation districts; methods for monitoring agricultural/rural development projects; 3- in collaboration with state organizations (SENPRIM, SAED) conducted practicums so students could apply water management techniques to problems associated with small irrigation schemes (100-200 ha); and 4- other administrative duties.

(1984-1985) Position. Senior Agricultural Economist. The SNC Group-SNC Inc., Montreal, Canada. Project financed by the IADB and CIDA.
Duties. Executed the economic feasibility analysis of the district and on-farm levels for smallholder’s irrigated agricultural development. In a
command area of nearly 10,000 ha situated in the provinces of Azua and Barahona: 1- prepared farm budgets as a function of farm size; 2-
reviewed export market potential for project produce; 3- conducted on-the-job training for national counterpart personnel; 4- incorporated
sociological parameters in water management institutions to ensure effective performance ; and 5- proposed reconfiguration of land tenure
conditions to take economic advantage of irrigated agriculture.

(1983-1984) Position. Senior Agricultural Economist. Lavalin-Shawinigan Consultants Inc., Montreal, Canada.
Duties. Executed the following tasks in projects financed by IFAD and CIDA respectively:
o Siguiri Project, Guinea-Conakry. Conducted the design of studies associated with the monitoring and evaluation component.
o Guayape Valley Integrated Rural Development Project, Honduras. In a command area of 4,000 ha, executed the economic feasibility analysis for a joint crop and livestock development scheme under sprinkler irrigation at the district and on- farm levels: 1- Prepared farm budgets adequate to smallholders management capabilities; 2- identified export market opportunities for project produce within the Caribbean Basin Initiative Framework; 3- organized on-the-job training procedures for national counterpart personnel ; 4- with national teams jointly conducted feasibility studies on credit, aquaculture, mechanization, and firewood production.

(1980-1982) Position. Vice President and Senior Agricultural Economist. Agrodev Canada Inc., Ottawa, Canada.
Duties. Executed the following tasks in projects financed by IFAD.
o Team Leader of the Potosi Norte Rural Development Project. Feasibility study financed by the IADB.
o Economist for the Group Gerin-Lajoie in the feasibility study of the Cattle Embryo Transfer in Cuba.
o Coordinator for the Northern Pasture and Livestock Development Project in China. Financed by the IFAD.
o Team Leader of the IFAD Identification Mission Phase I of the National Program to Foster Agricultural Production in Cooperatives, Nicaragua.
o Agricultural Economist for the AFDB/IFAD Evaluation Mission of the Como-Caiar Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Project in Guinea-Bissau.
o Financial Analyst of the IFAD Appraisal Mission for the Camalote Integrated Rural Development Project in Cuba.
o Management Expert responsible for carrying-out the feasibility study to rehabilitate the Agadi State Farm in Sudan. Consisted of appraising the technical-economic feasibility of a large scale mechanization scheme to produce grains under rain fed conditions in an area of approximately 10 000 ha.
o Vice President for Business Development. Conducted contract negotiations with governmental authorities and the private sector in Latin America for natural resource development projects. Additionally, prepared proposals for submission in international bidding competitions.

(1979) Position. Senior Agricultural Economist. Crippen International Ltd., Vancouver, Canada.
Duties. Executed the following tasks:
o Within the framework of a water resources development study of the Timor Island in Indonesia, conducted a pre-feasibility agro-economic analysis to assess the island’s irrigation potential; also carried out on-the-job training on project identification procedures directed to national counterpart personnel. Project financed by CIDA.

PRINCIPAL PUBLICATIONS
The economic effect of institutions in the transformation of subsistence farming by irrigation: case study of the Zapotitan Irrigation District/El Salvador. XLIII International Congress of Americanists. Vancouver, Canada, 1979.
La transformación de la agricultura de subsistencia mediante el riego en El Salvador. América Indigena, vol. XL, No. 3, Mexico, D.F., 1980.
El proceso de planificación en el desarrollo de riego para la agricultura de subsistencia." Revista Interamericana de Planificación, No. 53, Mexico, D.F. March 1980.
La revolución verde en el contexto institucional de Latinoamérica un estudio de caso en El Salvador. Nord-Sud Revue Canadienne des études latinoaméricains. Vol. 6, No. 12, Ottawa, 1981.
Las instituciones y la transferencia tecnológica a los minifundios salvadoreños; caso de estudio. Desarrollo Rural en las Américas, vol. XIV, No. 1, Costa Rica, 1982.
Irrigation planning to transform subsistence agriculture: lessons from El Salvador, Human Ecology, vol. 12, No. 2, New York, 1984.
Le développement de l'irrigation dans le Sahel; étude de cas au Sénégal. Polythiés, Sénégal, juillet 1986.
Irrigation Development in the Sahelian countries: The Kirene District in Senegal. Human Ecology, vol. 18, No.3, New York, 1990.
Poverty in irrigated settlements. Irrigation Management Network. Participation in discussion paper and replies from network members. Overseas Development Institute. Network paper 27, London, UK, June 1993.
ALCOM Programme: Aquaculture for local community development programme & utilization of small water bodies for aquaculture and fisheries. Joint evaluation mission by SADC recipient countries, donor governments (Belgium, Sweden) and FAO. FAO/Government Cooperative Programme. Rome: FAO, 1994
20 Years of South-South Partnership Building 1978-1998. An assessment of technical cooperation among developing countries. Special unit for Technical Cooperation Among Developing Countries. New York: UNDP, 1999.
Taking Remote Sensing from Development Projects to Operational Use: Some Common Attributes of Successful Projects. Invited Paper: Geo Asia Pacific Conference, Bangkok, Thailand. Dr. Robert A. “Bob” Ryerson and Dr. Eduardo Quiroga. October 2000
The case of artisanal mining in Bolivia: local participatory development and mining investment opportunities. Natural Resources Forum. Vol 26, No. 2, May 2002. Blackwell Publishing.

Eduardo R. Quiroga
April, 2014